This paper deseribes three new species of Ophichthyidae and one new species ofNeenchelidae, collected from the Pingtan Island (Fujian Province) and Sangou FishingGround (Taiwan Strait) in 1974 and 1976. The holotypes and paratypes are depositedin the Laboratory of Fishes, Shanghai Fisheries College. The descriptions of the fournew species are as follows. OphichthyidaeMicrodonophis fasciatus Chu, Wu et Jin sp. nov. (Figure 1) Depth 39.4 in total length, head and trunk 2. 5, head 9. 5. Snout 5. 1 in head, eye9. 4, interorbital 5. 5. Head 2. 7 in trunk. Head and trunk 1. 5 times in length of tail. This new species resembles Microdonophis erabo Jordan et Snyder in teeth on jawsand vomer in one series and the origin of dorsal above gillopening. Howeverin M. erabothe body has two series of large black spots on each side, the pectoral fin is brownishand the length of tail is less than the distance of head and trunk; while the presentspecies has more than 20 black vertical bands, pectorals blackish and head and trunkare 1. 5 times in length of tail. Holotype: No.A0823, total length 630mm., collected from Pingtan Island, October4th, 1974. Callechelys maculatus Chu, Wu et Jin sp. nov. (Figure 2) Depth 42. 3--52 in total length, head and trunk 1. 8--1. 9, head 12. 7--13. Snout6. 4---7. 1 in head, eye 15--16, interorbital 8--9. Head 6. 1--6. 5 in trunk. Tail lessthan head and trunk. This new species resembles Callechelys marmoratus (Bleeker) but the latter iswhite with more or less crowded black spots or irregularly marbled with brown andyellow, origin of dorsal above angle of mouth and head and trunk 1. 7 times the lengthof the tail; but the present species has about more than 10 indistinct black transverse bands on the body, origin of dorsal behind angle of mouth and tail slight shorter thanthe length of head and trunk. Holotype: № A01293, total length 338mm., collected from Pingtan Island,November Ist, 1974. Paratype: № A01318, total length 208 mm., collocted from Ping-tan Island, November 2nd, 1974. Ophichthys brevicaudatus Chu, Wu et Jin sp. nov. (Figure 3) Depth 23. 6 in total length, head and trunk 2. 2, head 9. 3. Snout 4. 8 in head,eye 8. 9. interorbital 5. 8. Head 2. 9 in trunk. Head and trunk 1. 25 times in length oftail. This new species is similar to the Ophichthys stenopterus Cope, with teeth on Jawsand vomer in two series, but the latter has rather slender body, head and trunk 2 timesin length of tail and the dorsal beginning far behind pectoral. However, the body ofthe present species is thick and short, head and trunk 1.25 in length of tail and thedorsal inserted slightly behind above middle of pectoral. Holotype: № A,07185, total length 542 mm., collected from Sangou Fishing Gro-und in April 25th, 1976. NeenchelidaeNeenchelys parvipectoralis Chu, Wu et Jin sp. nov. (Figure 4,5) Depth 16.5 in total length, head and trunk 2.6, head 10.5. Snout 5.6 in head,eye 15. 6, interorbital 5. 9. Head 3 in trunk. Head and trunk 1. 7 times in length of tail. This new species is allied to the Neenchelys buitendijki Weber et Beaufort, but thebody of the latter is slender, depth 19--21 in total length, head 2 in trunk and pector-al larger, 4--4. 5 in head. However, the present species differs from N. buitendijkhaving the body strong, depth 16.5 in total length, head 3 in trunk and pectoral msmaller and weaker, 11. 7 times in head. Holotype: № A01383, total length 248 mm., collected from Pingtan Island,November 11th, 1974.