长牡蛎“海大1号”与壳橙品系杂交子代的杂种优势及配合力
作者:
作者单位:

1.中国海洋大学,海水养殖教育部重点实验室;2.青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室,海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室

作者简介:

通讯作者:

李琪,从事贝类遗传育种研究,E-mail:qili66@ouc.edu.cn

LI Qi. E-mail: qili66@ouc.edu.cn

中图分类号:

基金项目:

山东省农业良种工程项目(2020LZGC016);威海市科技发展计划项目(2018NS01)


Heterosis and combining ability of reciprocal hybrids between “Haida No.1” strain and orange shell line of the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas)
Author:
Affiliation:

1.Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China;2.Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China

Fund Project:

Agriculture Seed Improvement Project of Shandong Province (2020LZGC016); Science and Technology Development Project of Weihai City (2018NS01)

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    摘要:

    为培育生长快速、存活率高的长牡蛎新品种,以第11代长牡蛎“海大1号”(H)和第8代壳橙品系(O)为亲本,采用完全双列杂交设计,建立自交组HH [H(♀)×H(♂)]和OO [O(♀)×O(♂)]与杂交组HO [H(♀)×O(♂)]和OH [O(♀)×H(♂)],分析了4个组合的生长与存活杂种优势以及一般配合力(GCA)和特殊配合力(SCA)效应值。结果显示,20日龄时,杂交组存活中亲优势MF1为58.03%,HO和OH的存活与HH相比分别提高31.48%和35.80%。360日龄时,4个组合壳高由高到低依次为OH>HO>HH>OO,杂交组的壳高和湿重中亲杂种优势MF1分别为24.65%和46.02%。与HH相比,OH的壳高和湿重分别提高了23.51%和39.60%。杂交组存活中亲优势MF1、高亲优势HHOHOH分别为68.31%、40.29%和53.96%。除180日龄时存活率性状的父本GCA外,长牡蛎“海大1号”在其余时期的GCA均为正效应值,为优质高产杂交育种亲本;OH的生长和存活SCA方差均显著高于HO。研究表明,以壳橙选育品系为母本,“海大1号”选育品种为父本的杂交组合OH具有较高杂种优势与特殊配合力,可为培育生长快、存活率高的优质杂交牡蛎品种提供素材。

    Abstract:

    The Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) which originated from East Asia, has been a dominant commercial species in northern China. However, frequent mass mortality during summer in farming areas has severely restricted the development of oyster aquaculture. In order to develop a new strain of C. gigas with the traits of fast growth and high survival rate, intra-specific hybridization was carried out using the “Haida No. 1” strain (H) and orange shell strain (O), which were successively mass selected for 11 and 8 generations, respectively. The heterosis for growth and survival as well as general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) were assessed for two purebred groups HH [H(♀)×H(♂)] and OO [O(♀)×O(♂)] and two reciprocal hybrids HO [H(♀)×O(♂)] and OH [O(♀)×H(♂)]. On day 20, the mid-parent heterosis (MF1) for survival of hybrid groups was 58.03%. Compared to HH groups, the survival rate of HO and OH increased by 31.48% and 35.80%, respectively. On day 360, the growth among four groups followed the order OH>HO>HH>OO, theMF1 for shell height and living weight of reciprocal hybrids were 24.65% and 46.02%, respectively. Compared to HH groups, the shell height and living weight of OH group on day 360 increased by 23.51% and 39.60%, respectively. Two hybrid groups also exhibited high heterosis in survival, with mid-parent heterosis MF1 and high-parent heterosis HHO, HOH at 68.31%, 40.29% and 53.96%, respectively. As male parent, the “Haida No.1” strain exhibited negative value for general combining ability in survival on day 180. However, the general combining ability was positive when the “Haida No.1” strain was employed as parent at other stages, which indicated the “Haida No.1” strain can be chosen as an excellent parental strain for crossbreeding with other strains of C. gigas. The values of special combining ability for growth and survival of OH group were higher than those of HO group. This suggested the progeny with higher heterosis could be obtained by using the “Haida No.1” strain as male parent and orange shell strain as female parent.

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梁园鑫,徐成勋,刘士凯,孔令锋,李琪.长牡蛎“海大1号”与壳橙品系杂交子代的杂种优势及配合力[J].水产学报,2023,47(7):079609-1~079609-9

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  • 收稿日期:2021-10-05
  • 最后修改日期:2022-01-12
  • 录用日期:2022-01-12
  • 在线发布日期: 2023-07-11
  • 出版日期: 2023-07-01