Fish-light complementation is a clean and efficient production model developed rapidly in recent years, which provides a huge development space for aquaculture. It has the characteristics of clean, low-carbon, and high efficiency. However, there are some problems, such as blank basic research, irregular facility system, insufficient aquaculture technology, and so on. This paper introduces the concept and characteristics of fish-light complementation in detail, analyzes the economic, ecological, and social values of fish-light complementation, and puts forward development suggestions combined with the problems existing in the development process. This study may provide a reference for promoting the healthy and sustainable development of the fish-light complementation industry in China. By fish-light complementation, the solar module has a high power conversion efficiency due to the low surface temperature near the water; the evaporation rate of the water surface is reduced by more than 70% due to solar panels, which saves a lot of water for aquaculture; environmentally friendly aquaculture and power generation models promote the redevelopment of the ecosystem; we can use the smart fishery system to control the aquaculture environment, thereby increasing the growth rate of fish and improving the economic benefits of aquaculture. In addition, from the perspective of energy-saving and emission reduction, if the national average light intensity is combined with the complementary technology of fishing and light, based on the aquaculture area currently in use, it will be able to generate more than 50 megawatt-hours of electricity each year and save about 18 billion tons of coal and reduce 49.85 megatons of carbon dioxide emissions.