饲料中添加不同水草粉对克氏原螯虾生长、消化酶、抗氧化酶活性及色泽的影响
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S 963.22

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国家重点研发计划(2019YFD0900304);安徽省中央引导地方科技发展专项 (201907d06020008) ;农业农村部和国家发改委产业强镇项目(发改农经2019-245) ;农业农村部现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-48)


Effects of dietary supplementation with different aquatic weed meals on the growth performance, digestive enzyme and antioxidant enzyme activities, and coloration of Procambarus clarkii
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    摘要:

    为研究饲料中添加不同水草粉对克氏原螯虾生长、消化酶、抗氧化酶活性及色泽的影响,实验通过在饲料中分别添加15%的伊乐藻、黑藻、苦草、金鱼藻和喜旱莲子草5种水草粉(分别标记为Diet 2~6组),对照组饲料无水草粉添加(标记为Diet 1组),对克氏原螯虾幼虾进行为期60 d的养殖实验。结果显示,水草组(Diet 2~6组)成活率(SR)与Diet 1组无显著差异,Diet 3~5组增重率(WGR)及特定生长率(SGR)均与Diet 1组无显著差异,而Diet 3组肝胰腺指数(HSI)显著高于Diet 1组。在肝胰腺中,Diet 2~6组脂肪酶(LPS)活性显著高于Diet 1组,且Diet 5组LPS和α-淀粉酶(α-AL)活性最高,而胃蛋白酶活性为Diet 2组最高,Diet 2~3及5组纤维素酶(CL)活性显著高于Diet 1组;在肠道中,Diet 2~6组4种消化酶活性均低于Diet 1组。Diet 3~6组头胸甲和肌肉总类胡萝卜素、头胸甲虾青素含量及卵巢中总类胡萝卜素、虾青素、叶黄素和β-胡萝卜素含量均显著高于Diet 1组。Diet 2~6组头胸甲及卵巢的红度(a*值)和黄度(b*值)均显著高于Diet 1组,而亮度(L*值)却低于Diet 1组。在肝胰腺中,Diet 2~6组总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活性均显著高于Diet 1组且在Diet 5组最高,Diet 4组总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)活性最高,Diet 2组丙二醛(MDA)含量最高;血清中,Diet 6组T-AOC活性最高,但各组间T-SOD活性和MDA含量无显著差异。研究表明,添加15%黑藻、苦草和金鱼藻水草粉到饲料中,对克氏原螯虾生长无负面影响,有利于体内类胡萝卜素、虾青素的积累,改善克氏原螯虾头胸甲和卵巢色泽的同时提升抗氧化能力。

    Abstract:

    In order to study the effect of the diet supplemented with different aquatic weed meals on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity, antioxidant enzyme activity and coloration of Procambarus clarkii, five kinds of aquatic weed meals were added into diet at the level of 15% separately (Diet 2-6), including Elodea nuttallii, Hydrilla verticillata, Vallisneria natans, Ceratophyllum demersum and Alternanthera philoxeroides. The control group (Diet 1) did not contain aquatic weed meals. The six diets were fed to juvenile Procambarus clarkii for 60 days. The results showed that there was no significant difference in survival rate (SR) between Diet 2-6 and Diet 1. The weight gain rate (WGR) and specific growth rate (SGR) in Diet 3-5 were not significantly different from those of Diet 1, and the hepatopancreas index (HSI) of Diet 3 was significantly higher than that of Diet 1. Moreover, in hepatopancreas, the lipase (LPS) activity of Diet 2-6 were significantly higher than Diet 1, LPS and α-amylase (α-AL) activities of Diet 5 were the highest, and the pepsin activity was the highest in Diet 2. The cellulase (CL) activity in Diet 2-3 and 5 were significantly higher than Diet 1. The activities of 4 digestive enzymes in Diet 2-6 were lower than Diet 1 in intestine. The content of total carotenoids in carapace, muscle and ovary, the astaxanthin in carapace and ovary, the lutein and β-carotene in ovary of Diet 3-6 were significantly higher than those of Diet 1. The redness value (a*) and yellowness value (b*) of all treatment groups were significantly higher than Diet 1 in carapace and ovary, while lightness value (L*) was lower. The antioxidant capacity in hepatopancreas, the total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activity of Diet 2-6 was significantly higher than Diet 1 and Diet 5 was the highest. The total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) activity of Diet 4 was the highest while the highest malondialdehyde (MDA) content was found in Diet 2. In serum, Diet 6 had the highest T-AOC activity, and no significant difference was found in T-SOD activity and MDA content between Diet 1-6. In conclusion, diet supplemented with 15% H. verticillata, V. natans, C. demersum meals could meet the growth requirements of P. clarkii, improve the coloration of carapace and ovary, and promote the health status of P. clarkii.

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张亚文,成永旭,李晨露,王源源,侯受权,李京昊,奚业文,朱传忠,李嘉尧.饲料中添加不同水草粉对克氏原螯虾生长、消化酶、抗氧化酶活性及色泽的影响[J].水产学报,2022,46(8):1414~1426

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  • 收稿日期:2021-02-24
  • 最后修改日期:2021-03-09
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  • 在线发布日期: 2022-08-16
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