杂交石斑鱼(褐点石斑鱼♀×清水石斑鱼♂)仔、稚鱼的摄食与生长特性
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广东海洋大学,广东海洋大学,广东海洋大学,广东海洋大学,广东海洋大学,广东海洋大学

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S965.334

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广东省科技厅项目(2016B020201009,2013B090700010);广东省教育厅高校重点实验室滚动支持项目(2013CXDA019);广东海洋大学“创新强校工程”项目(GDOU2016050251)


Feeding habits and growth characteristics of larvae and juvenile hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀×E. polyphekadion♂)
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Guangdong Ocean University,Guangdong Ocean University,Guangdong Ocean University,Guangdong Ocean University,Guangdong Ocean University,Guangdong Ocean University

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    摘要:

    为阐明人工育苗条件下褐点石斑鱼♀×清水石斑鱼♂杂交子代(简称杂交石斑鱼)仔、稚鱼阶段的摄食与生长变化状况,采用随机取样实验生态学方法,在水温27.5~31 °C条件下,对人工培育的杂交石斑鱼仔、稚鱼的摄食及生长进行了研究。结果显示,杂交石斑鱼仔、稚鱼具有较强的摄食能力;仔鱼3日龄开口摄食,摄食发生率为40%,之后的仔、稚鱼摄食发生率均为100%。仔、稚鱼摄食量随体质量的增加而逐渐上升,可用二项方程式表达。消化道饱满系数为0.95%~11.26%。仔、稚鱼在1.5 h内可以饱食,仔鱼对轮虫和桡足类的消化时间分别为0.5~1 h和1~2 h,稚鱼对桡足类成体的消化时间为1.5~3.5 h。杂交石斑鱼仔、稚鱼各阶段的日摄食率分别为49.85%(5日龄)、22.55%(10日龄)和15.72%(24日龄),可将其作为杂交石斑鱼仔、稚鱼日投喂量参考依据。杂交石斑鱼仔、稚鱼摄食具有明显的昼夜节律性,白天摄食,夜间不摄食。5日龄和10日龄仔鱼均出现2个摄食高峰,分别为9:00和18:00;24日龄稚鱼仅在中午12:00出现摄食高峰。3~30日龄的仔、稚鱼平均全长日增长率为7.96%,平均体质量日增重率为28.73%。全长、体质量分别与日龄的关系均可用指数方程表达,体质量(y)与全长(x)的回归方程为y=0.037 3x2.537 8,b值接近3,表明杂交石斑鱼仔、稚鱼为等速生长类型。

    Abstract:

    Hybridization is the most effective and thus widely used technique in the artificial breeding of grouper. Feeding habit is one of the most crucial variables for feeding strategy in early development stage of fish. Diet and feeding time with good feeding habit will increase the survival rate and the feed efficiency greatly. In order to understand the feeding characteristics of hybrid grouper(Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀×E. polyphekadion♂) during the early development stage, feeding habits and growth of larvae and juveniles in condition of artificial culture were examined by using ecological method of simple random sampling at water temperature of 27.5–31 ℃. Results showed that hybrid grouper had already acquired good foraging capability at larvae stage. 3 days after hatch (DAH) opened its mouth and started to feed and feeding incidence was 40%. At 3 DAH, feeding incidence was 100% of larvae and juvenile. Feed intake of larvae and juvenile increased with the increase of body mass, which can be expressed by binomial equation. The fullness coefficient of stomach fluctuated in the range of 0.95%-11.26%. Larvae and juveniles could spend less than 1.5 h on feeding from empty to full in stomach, the larvae spend 0.5-1 h on digesting rotifers and 1-2 h on digesting copepods larvae, and the juveniles spend 1.5-3.5 h on digesting copepods adult. The daily feeding intake rates of hybrid grouper were 49.85%(5 DAH),22.55%(10 DAH) and 15.72%(24 DAH), which could be a reference for daily feeding of larvae and juvenile in artificial seedling. The feeding behavior of hybrid grouper larvae and juveniles mainly occurred at daytime. They had obvious circadian rhythm of feeding.The feeding rhythm of larvae (3 DAH and 10 DAH) exhibited feeding peak at 9:00 and 18:00, and the feeding peak of 24 DAH larvae was at 12:00. The average daily growth rate was 7.96% and the average daily weight gain was 28.73% during the 3-30 DAH larvae and juveniles. The relationship between total length, body weight and age (in days) can be expressed as exponential equation, respectively. The relationship between body weight (y) and total length (x) could be expressed to be y=0.037 3x2.537 8, b=2.537 8 is approximately equal to 3. It shows that the growth of lavae and juveniles of hybrid grouper belongs to the type of isokinetic growth.

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陈刚,黄建盛,张健东,王忠良,汤保贵,潘传豪.杂交石斑鱼(褐点石斑鱼♀×清水石斑鱼♂)仔、稚鱼的摄食与生长特性[J].水产学报,2018,42(11):1766~1777

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  • 收稿日期:2017-06-02
  • 最后修改日期:2017-07-31
  • 录用日期:2017-10-11
  • 在线发布日期: 2018-11-08
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