Marine Ranching is the artificial fishing site where fishery resources are scientifically bred and managed by fully using natural productivity of certain sea areas, based on principles of marine ecology and modern marine engineering techniques. It is characterized with the goal of enhancing stockment, definite boundary and ownership and resources managed in a scientific way. Besides, seedlings are artificially bred or domesticated, released or transplanted into open sea, and mainly fed with natural live feed. As early as 1965, Mr. Tseng Chengkui (Zeng Chengkui), a Chinese marine scientist, originally put forwards the idea of building artificial ranch in the ocean by planting and cultivating marine creatures. Since 1980s, the Chinese marine ranch construction has experienced three industrial forms including artificial reefs, stock enhancement and systematical ocean ranching. In spite of the great achievement, it is still facing problems including too broad application of its defination, lack of overall planning and feasibility studies, neglecting its ecological role as well as project evaluation and system management. In future, the development of marine ranching in China should recognize the importance of ecosystem, balance industrial arrangement both on the land and in the sea, comprehensively consider the primary, secondary and tertiary industry, realize four modernizations and encourage innovation for leaping development to realize both economic and ecological benefits.