The issue of polar interests and rights is a newly emerging highlight,and polar fisheries activities and involvement in the construction of polar fisheries management regime are a step-forward for "the substantial existence" and realization of polar waters interests and rights.Antarctic and Arctic share such similarities as special geographical locations,fragile ecological environment,and challenges for marine living resources conservation,thus a comparative study is conducted to explore various polar fisheries management issues:fisheries management regulations,fisheries management organizations,fisheries management philosophy,interactions with other international regulations and organizations,responsibilities involving in fisheries management,etc.Based on the comparative study,a further look into the highlights and drawbacks is conducted to explore Antarctic and Arctic fisheries management regimes,which is to facilitate a study about what enlightenment Antarctic and Arctic fisheries management regimes can have on each other.The comparative study provides an opportunity for the exchange of experience in Antarctic and Arctic fisheries management,meanwhile,it enhances the understanding of Antarctic and Arctic fisheries management regimes,which is believed to throw light on the strategies in establishing Chinese polar fisheries policies.