水库网箱和池塘养殖斑点叉尾(鱼回)肌肉营养成分和品质的比较分析
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华中农业大学水产学院;农业部淡水生物繁育重点实验室;淡水水产健康养殖湖北省协同创新中心,华中农业大学水产学院;农业部淡水生物繁育重点实验室;淡水水产健康养殖湖北省协同创新中心,华中农业大学水产学院;农业部淡水生物繁育重点实验室;淡水水产健康养殖湖北省协同创新中心,华中农业大学水产学院;农业部淡水生物繁育重点实验室;淡水水产健康养殖湖北省协同创新中心

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“十二五”农村领域国家科技计划课题(2012BAD25B06);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2013PY024);湖北省自然科学基金(2012FFA029)


Comparative study on muscle texture profile and nutritional value of channel catfish(Ictalurus punctatus)reared in ponds and reservoir cages
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College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University;Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture;Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province,College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University;Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture;Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province,College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University;Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture;Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province,Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding,Ministry of Agriculture;China;Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province;China

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    摘要:

    为了解池塘和水库网箱两种养殖模式下斑点叉尾(鱼回)肌肉营养成分和品质特性,利用生化分析、物性分析方法和电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法分别对斑点叉尾(鱼回)肌肉的常规营养成分、系水力、质构特性及肌肉矿物元素含量进行了测定。结果显示,池塘和水库网箱养殖的斑点叉尾(鱼回)含肉率都在65%以上;池塘组的贮存损失和失水率(分别为1.73% 和17.19%)显著低于水库网箱养殖组(分别为2.37% 和27.16%),而冷冻渗出率(3.96%)显著高于水库网箱养殖组(3.35%);水库网箱养殖组的粗蛋白、粗灰分含量(分别为18.78% 和 1.03%)均显著高于池塘组(分别为16.69% 和 0.90%),而粗脂肪含量(2.99%)显著低于池塘组(3.90%);两组矿物元素含量都比较丰富,水库网箱养殖组肌肉中钾、磷、钙、镁、锌和铁6种元素的含量(分别为3 951、2 325、110、312、5.15和4.94 mg/kg)均显著高于池塘组(分别为3 184、1 787、78.8、246、4.19和3.58 mg/kg);池塘组肌肉的凝聚性和回复性(分别为0.45和0.31)显著高于水库网箱养殖组(分别为0.38和0.24),而肌肉硬度、胶黏性和咀嚼性(分别为2 721、1 209和397 g)显著低于水库网箱养殖组(分别为4 552、1 738和578 g)。研究表明,池塘养殖的斑点叉尾(鱼回)肌肉具有较好的系水力,而水库网箱养殖的斑点叉尾(鱼回)肌肉具有高蛋白、低脂肪、矿物元素更丰富和肉质硬度大的特点。

    Abstract:

    In order to understand the muscle nutritional value and texture profile of I.punctatus reared in ponds and reservoir cages, the nutritional composition, the water holding capacity and texture profile of muscle in I.punctatus were investigated.The crude protein, crude fat, crude ash, and moisture of muscle in I.punctatus were assayed by biochemical analysis methods.The muscular contents of mineral elements were measured by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry(ICP-AES).The parameters of muscular texture profile, including hardness, springiness, cohesiveness, gumminess, chewiness, and resilience, were analyzed using a texture analyzer.Double compression was applied to construct the texture profile analyses(TPA) of raw fillets.The results showed that the rate of flesh content in I.punctatus reared in either pond or reservoir group was more than 65%.Flesh leaching loss increased significantly in the pond group(3.96%) compared with those in the reservoir group(3.35%).Compared to the I.punctatus in the pond group(1.73% and 17.19%, respectively), a significantly lower value in either drip loss or liquid loss was observed in the I.punctatus in the reservoir group(2.37% and 27.16%, respectively).The I.punctatus exhibited higher contents of crude protein and crude ash in the reservoir group(18.78% and 1.03%, respectively) than those of the pond group(16.69% and 0.90%, respectively).A significantly higher crude fat(3.90%) was found in the I.punctatus in the pond group.The I.punctatus reared either in pond or in reservoir had rich mineral elements content in muscle.Compared to the pond group(3 184, 1 787, 78.8, 246, 4.19 and 3.58 mg/kg, respectively), a significantly higher content of potassium(K), phosphorus(P), calcium(Ca), magnesium(Mg), zinc(Zn), and iron(Fe) was observed in the reservoir group(3 951, 2 325, 110, 312, 5.15 and 4.94 mg/kg, respectively).However, there were no significant differences in sodium(Na), copper(Cu), manganese(Mn), and chromium(Cr) between the pond group and the reservoir group.No selenium(Se) was detected in fish muscle of both groups.The calcium-phosphorus ratios of muscle in the pond group and the reservoir group were 1:22.6 and 1:21.1, respectively.The hardness, gumminess, and chewiness of muscle enhanced significantly in the I.punctatus in the reservoir group(2 721, 1 209 and 397 g, respectively) compared with those in the pond group(4 552, 1 738 and 578 g, respectively).The pond group(0.45 and 0.31, respectively) had significant higher resilience and cohesiveness than those of the reservoir group(0.38 and 0.24, respectively).Given the results, the muscle of I.punctatus showed higher water holding capacity in the pond group, whereas the I.punctatus muscle in the reservoir group contained higher protein, lower fat, richer mineral elements content, and higher hardness.

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马玲巧,亓成龙,曹静静,李大鹏.水库网箱和池塘养殖斑点叉尾(鱼回)肌肉营养成分和品质的比较分析[J].水产学报,2014,38(4):532~537

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  • 收稿日期:2013-10-28
  • 最后修改日期:2013-12-04
  • 录用日期:2014-03-08
  • 在线发布日期: 2014-04-16
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