雌核发育橙黄色锦鲤的遗传、性腺发育及外形等特征研究
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中山大学生命科学学院,湖南师范大学生命科学学院,湖南师范大学生命科学学院,中山大学生命科学学院,湖南师范大学生命科学学院

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国家高技术研究发展计划;国家自然科学基金;国家公益性行业科研专项资金;湖南省芙蓉学者特聘教授基金项目和博士点基金优先发展领域项目


Genetic, gonadal development and shape characteristics researches of gynogenetics Orange ornamental carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)
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School of Life Sciences,Sun Yat-sen University,Department of Life Science,Hunan Normal University,Department of Life Science,Hunan Normal University,School of Life Sciences,Sun Yat-sen University,Department of Life Science,Hunan Normal University

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    摘要:

    用经紫外线灭活的团头鲂(Megalobrama amblycephala, BSB)精子激活橙黄色锦鲤(Cyprinus carpio L.Koi)的卵子,在4℃的水温下冷休克处理卵子30分钟使其染色体加倍,结果获得了较高孵化率(30.6%)和存活率(24.2%)的雌核发育锦鲤。经染色体数目检测和染色体组型分析等方法证明雌核发育锦鲤为二倍体,其染色体数目为2n=100。在1年龄时随机对10尾雌核发育锦鲤性腺进行石蜡切片观察,发现其性腺全部为卵巢;并且在2年龄时的繁殖季节随机检测100尾雌核发育锦鲤,没有1尾能挤出精液,表明雌核发育锦鲤全部为雌性,为证明雌性锦鲤的性别决定类型为XX提供了重要证据。此外,还对雌核发育锦鲤与母本的的SOX基因遗传关系、外形、体色等进行了比较研究,结果表明雌核发育锦鲤与母本有相同的SOX基因扩增片段,为证明其为雌核发育锦鲤而非杂交后代提供了重要证据,同时雌核发育锦鲤保留了母本体态优美的特点,且具有色泽更鲜艳等优点。雌核发育锦鲤的获得为该观赏鱼的提纯复壮和遗传改良以及性别决定和性别控制研究奠定了基础。

    Abstract:

    Gynogenetic Orange ornamental carp(Cyprinus carpio L.,Koi) with high hatch rate and survival rate was obtained by egg activation using the UV-inactivated sperm form Blunt snout bream(Megalobrama amblycephala) and then chromosomes doubling with cold shock treatment at the temperture of 4℃ for 30min. The gynogenetic Orange ornamental was proved to be diploid with 100 chromosomes by chromosome number detection and karyotype analysis. At the age of 1 year old, 10 gynogenetic fish were randomly sampled to detect gonad development and the only ovary was observed in all the samples; during the spawning season at the age of 2 years old, 100 gynogenetic fish were striped for semen production but none of the sample could strip out semen but green eggs, the presence of all-female gyongenetic Orange ornamental carp provided vital evidences to prove that the sex determination type of female Orange ornamental carp is XX. In addition, the genetic relationship of SOX gene, the phenotypes and body color between gyongenetic Orange ornamental carp and its parent were also observed in this study, the results show that gyongenetic Orange ornamental carp inherits the same amplified fragments as the maternal parent, which provide importment evidences to get rid of its heterozygosity. Meanwhile, gynogenetic Orange ornamental carp inherited the graceful shape of its maternal parent but the body color is brighter. The formation of gynogenetic Orange ornamental carp lay foundation on purification,rejuvenation and genetic improvement for Orange ornamental carp and also provided good material for fish sex determination and sex control research.

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刘启智,肖军,罗凯坤,张勇,王跃群.雌核发育橙黄色锦鲤的遗传、性腺发育及外形等特征研究[J].水产学报,2013,37(3):390~396

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  • 收稿日期:2012-08-17
  • 最后修改日期:2012-11-16
  • 录用日期:2013-03-12
  • 在线发布日期: 2013-03-20
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