浙江省沿岸岛礁区贝类种类组成与分布特征
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国家科技支撑计划子课题(2007BAD43B03);浙江省重中之重学科“海洋渔业科学与技术学科”开放基金项目(20100112);浙江省教育厅大学生创新创业孵化项目资助


The species composition and distribution of lithofacies seashells(Mollusc) in the intertidal zone of Zhejiang coast
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    摘要:

    于2009年4月(春季)和10月(秋季),分别在浙江温州、台州、宁波和舟山各选取2个站点,在其岛礁区潮间带采集贝类样品,调查贝类的种类和数量分布特征,共鉴定出贝类26种,隶属3纲、11目、16科、22属。春季,高生物量分布于8号站位(499.11 g/m2),高密度分布于3号站位(145.67 ind/m2),低生物量和低密度皆分布于1号站位(31.96 g/m2、36.92 ind/m2);秋季,高生物量和高密度皆分布于8号站位(206.82 g/m2、93.00 ind/m2),低生物量和低密度也分布于1号站位(26.92 g/m2、38.91 ind/m2)。采用生物量和栖息密度相结合作为贝类优势种衡量指标的方法得出,优势种有疣荔枝螺、青蚶、条纹隔贻贝和渔舟蜑螺。贝类季节变化显著,春季生物量和密度大于秋季。通过气温、水温、海流等环境因子的分析得出,随春季水温回升,大量的贝类由潮下带来到潮间带,故春季密度分布很高,但受水温下降、被捕食和自然死亡等因素影响,秋季则趋于明显回落,且8号站位(南麂列岛)由于是国家自然保护区,其贝类生物量和栖息密度明显高于其它站位,其优势种的优势壳高(壳长)组在各个站位中也相对较高。1号站位主要由于过度采捕,其贝类资源衰退严重。

    Abstract:

    Two sites were selected respectively in Wenzhou,Taizhou,Ningbo and Zhoushan,and the shellfish samples were collected on the intertidal rocky shores in Apr.and Oct.2009.The research contents included the species composition and distribution of lithofacies seashells(Mollusc).During this survey,26 species of seashell were identified,belonging to 3 classes,11 orders,16 families,22 genera.In spring,the area of high biomass was the 8th sampling site(499.11 ind/m2),the area of high density was the 3rd sampling site(145.67 ind/m2),low biomass and low density located in the 1st station(31.96 ind/m2,36.92 ind/m2).In fall,high biomass and high density points were distributed in the 8th station(206.82 ind/m2,93.00 ind/m2),low biomass and low density were still in the 1st sampling site(26.92 ind/m2,38.91 ind/m2).Dominant species of shellfish were Thais clavigera Kuster, Barbatia obliquata (Wood), Septifer virgatus (Wiegmann) and  Nerita albicilla Linnaeus by using combination of biomass and density as the index of dominant species.Seasonal evolution was remarkable.The biomass and density were higher in spring than these in fall.It can be obtained by analyzing air temperature,water temperature,ocean currents and environmental factors.With the water temperature increasing in spring,a large number of the shellfish move from the subtidal zone to the intertidal zone,so the density was higher in spring than in autumn owing to water temperature decreasing,predation,natural mortality and other factors.In addition,the biomass and density were the highest in 8th station,because it was protected by National Marine Nature Reserve Zone.And the shell height(length)of the dominant species was also relatively the highest in all stations.The resources of the 1st station were meager due to excessive catch.

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邹莉,张龙,张宾,水柏年.浙江省沿岸岛礁区贝类种类组成与分布特征[J].水产学报,2010,34(11):1769~1775

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  • 收稿日期:2010-06-15
  • 最后修改日期:2010-07-21
  • 录用日期:2010-09-11
  • 在线发布日期: 2010-11-11
  • 出版日期: 2010-11-15