倒刺鲃属三个种之间种间杂交的初步研究
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福建省海洋与渔业厅科研项目(闽海渔科06212);福建省发改委2008年“五新”项目(闽发改农业[2008]815号)


Preliminary study on interspecific hybridization of three species of Spinibarbus
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    摘要:

    采用人工催产和干法授精技术,进行了以中华倒刺鲃、倒刺鲃为母本与其父本及黑脊倒刺鲃雄鱼的种间杂交实验,获得4个杂交组合和2个自交组合,在(27±0.5)℃温度条件下,对其F1卵膜径、受精率、孵化率、孵化时间、畸形率、子代早期形态特征与成活率进行了比较,同时,观察了胚胎发育及其异常现象,结果表明:以中华倒刺鲃为母本的F1卵膜径差异不显著;以倒刺鲃为母本的F1卵膜径,在多细胞期时差异不显著,在耳石期时,倒刺鲃♀×中华倒刺鲃F1卵膜径显著大于母本(P<0.05)。杂种F1的受精率、孵化时间与母本差异不显著,畸形率显著高于母本(P<0.05)。中华倒刺鲃杂种F1的孵化率较高,与母本差异不显著(P<0.05)。倒刺鲃♀×中华倒刺鲃F1的孵化率与母本之间差异不显著,倒刺鲃♀×黑脊倒刺鲃F1的孵化率显著低于母本(P<0.05)。中华倒刺鲃杂种F1仔鱼早期发育阶段存在死亡高峰期,成活率显著低于母本(P<0.05)。中华倒刺鲃种间杂交和倒刺鲃♀×黑脊倒刺鲃杂种F1既具有父本特征,同时又具有母本特征,初步证明倒刺鲃属种间杂交是可行的。

    Abstract:

    Using artificial spawning and dry insemination,experiments on interspecific hybridization within females of Spinibarbus sinensis and Spinibarbus denticulatus and males of S.sinensis and S.denticulatus and Spinibarbus caldwelli of Spinibarbus were conducted.Comparisions of egg membrane diameter,fertilization rate,hatching rate,hatching time,abnormality rate,early larvae morphological characters and survival rate were made at temperature of (27±0.5)℃.Meanwhile the embryonic development and abnormal phenomena of hybrid were observed.The results showed that there was no distinct difference on egg membrane diameter between the crossbreeding and the oosperm of the female parent of S.sinensis(P<0.05).There was no distinct difference on egg membrane diameter between the crossbreeding and the oosperm of the female parent of S.denticulatus at multicellular stage,but there was distinct difference on egg membrane diameter between the hybrid of S.denticulatus ♀×S.sinensis and the oosperm of the female parent of S.denticulatus at otolithes appearance stage(P<0.05).The fertilization rate and hatching time of hybrid were not significantly different,but the abnormal rates were significantly higher compared to their mother’s(P<0.05).The hatching rates of crossbreeding of S.sinensis were high and not significantly different compared to their mother’s(P<0.05).The hatching rate of S.denticulatus ♀×S.sinensis was not distinctly different,but the hatching rate of S.denticulatus♀ ×S.caldwelli was significantly lower compared to their mother’s(P<0.05).There was high death rate stage in the early larvae development of crossbreeding of S.sinensis,and the survival rates were significantly lower than their mother’s(P<0.05).There were characteristics partly similar to the female parent or male parent for hybrids of crossbreeding of S.sinensis and S.denticulatus ♀×S.caldwelli .It showed preliminarily that it was feasible for the interspecific hybridization of three species of Spinibarbus.

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黄洪贵.倒刺鲃属三个种之间种间杂交的初步研究[J].水产学报,2010,34(7):1062~1071

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  • 收稿日期:2010-03-02
  • 最后修改日期:2010-04-08
  • 录用日期:2010-04-21
  • 在线发布日期: 2010-07-13
  • 出版日期: 2010-07-15