ARIMA模型在预测长江靖江段沿岸鱼类渔获量时间格局中的应用
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国家自然科学基金重大项目(30490235);淡水生态与生物技术国家重点实验室开放课题(NO.2004FB04);上海市重点学科建设项目(Y1101)


Temporal pattern of fish catches of coastal wetland in Jingjiang reach of Yangtze River and forecasting monthly fish catches using ARIMA models
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    摘要:

    长江靖江段处于长江下游与河口段的交汇地带,是长江下游地区渔业资源养护的重要水域。2002-2006年,在靖江沿岸用一部定置张网每日采集,共获得鱼类3514.84 kg。5年的月平均捕获量58.59 kg,以6月为最高,达108.61 kg;12月最低,仅为31.57 kg,呈现出典型的非平稳时间序列。月渔获量经自然对数转换和一次季节差分后,获得了一组平稳的随机序列。按照残差不相关原则确定模型结构,依据Akaike信息准则(AIC)与Schwarz贝叶斯信息准则(SBC)确定模型优度,用SPSS V13.0软件对2002年1月至2006年12月的月捕获量进行ARIMA建模拟合。结果表明,模型为ARIMA(1,0,0) (0,1,1)12(不含常数项),模型方程(1-0.327B)(1-B12)Lnyt=(1-0.825B12)et的残差为白噪声(P>0.05)。该模型对2003-2006年4年渔获量的拟合精度为71.49%~83.28%,较好地拟合了既往时段的渔获量。对2007年逐月捕获量预测的相对精度为58.64%-99.44%,年相对精度达81.60%,表明该模型能有效地用于长江口沿岸渔获量的预测。

    Abstract:

    Jingjiang Reach of the Yangtze River, which is an important area for fishery resource conservation, is located at the connected region of lower reaches and estuary of Yangtze River. From 2002 and 2006, there were 3514.84 kg fish collected by stow net at Jingjiang coastal area. Average monthly fish catches added up to 58.59 kg in these 5 years, the maximum was 108.61 kg in June while the minimum was 31.57 kg in December which presented a typical non-stationary time-series. One stable random series could be obtained as monthly fish catches converted by natural logarithm and a seasonal difference. Model structure was determined according to criteria of residual un-correlation and model goodness was determined on the basis of Akaike Information Criteria (AIC) and Schwarz Bayesian Information Criteria (SBC). SPSS V13.0 software was used to construct the ARIMA model based on the monthly fish catches from Jan. 2002 to Dec. 2006 with consideration of residual un-correlation and concision.Akaike's information criterion (AIC) and Schwarz’s Bayesian criterion (SBC) were used to confirm the fitness of mode1. These results showed that ARIMA(1,0,0)(0,1,1)l2 model was confirmed and the predicting error for the equation of (1-0.327B)(1-B12)Lnyt=(1-0.825B12)et was white noise (P>0.05). The fitting precision of ARIMA model was 71.49%-83.28% during 2003-2006, which could ideally fit the past monthly fish catches. Relative precision of the forecasting for gradual month in 2007 was 58.64%-99.44% as well as the forecasting for 2007 is 81.60%. It indicated that ARIMA Model can be well used to forecast the fish catches of coastal wetland at the estuary of the Yangtze River.

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李辉华,郭弘艺,唐文乔,顾树信,黄少芳,沈林宏,魏凯. ARIMA模型在预测长江靖江段沿岸鱼类渔获量时间格局中的应用[J].水产学报,2008,32(6):899~905

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  • 收稿日期:2008-01-28
  • 最后修改日期:2008-03-07
  • 录用日期:2008-09-18
  • 在线发布日期: 2008-11-13
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