Abstract: Eriocheir sinensis is a important aquaculture specie in China. Although significant advances have been made in the hatchery technology of this specie during the last years, the quality and quantity of larvae is still variable in many artificial hatcheries. The study was conducted to compare the reproductive performance and larval quality of two group females(Eriocheir sinensis) bred by two methods(enriching breeding and normal breeding )—GroupⅠ: female broodstocks were fed experimental artificial diets(rich with HUFA, phospholipid, cholesterol, vitamins C and vitamins E et al) during ovarian development (GSI from 2.4% to 12.27%) , GroupⅡ: broodstock females Eriocheir sinensis were directly obtained from crab ponds (without previous nutritional enrichment) before mating, the fatty acids of two originating Z1 were also analyzed by gas chromatograph to evaluate the larval quality. The results showed that there were no significant difference on survival rate and spawning rate, while groupⅠhad higher gonadosomatic index（GSI）, hepatosomatic index(HSI), egproduction.ind.-1, and reproductive performance than those of groupⅡ. The fertilizing rate and hatching rate of egg originating from GroupⅠwere slightly higher than those of GroupⅡ. The carapace length, metamorphic speed and stress resistance ability of Z1 produced by Group Ⅰwere higher than those of GroupⅡ, this could be responded to high HUFA content in former Z1 of GroupⅠ. From the outdoor experiments of larval breeding, the larval quality and production produced by GroupⅠfemales were much better than those of Group Ⅱ, the survival rate (from Z1 to megalopa) of GroupⅠ was also significantly higher than those of Group Ⅱ, with a shorter larval breeding time in group Ⅰ.According to the results, It comes to the conclusion that the reproductive performance and larval quality of Eriocheir sinensis could be improved by enriching broodstock, the pond-reared broodstock(Eriocheir sinensis) should be enriched from September. Key words: Eriocheir sinensis; broodstock breeding; reproductive performance; larval quality; fatty acids composition