草鱼酶纤颗粒饲料及营养代谢的研究
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EXPERIMENTS ON ENZYMATIC FIBER PELLETS USED AS FISH FEED AND PROTEIN REQUIREMENTS OF CRASS CARP (CTENOPHARYNGODON IDELLUS C.& V.)
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    摘要:

    本文报道了酶纤颗粒饲料饲养效果、颗粒饲料营养组分对草鱼生长影响和草鱼对蛋白质需要量、消化率等营养代谢的研究结果。试验表明,利用从甘蔗造纸分筛出来的废渣——蔗糠,经EA-3867纤维素霉菌将蔗糠纤维酶解成单糖,再接种培养白地霉,获得含粗蛋白10-12%的酶纤蛋白饲料,以此为主要原料制成的颗粒饲料,用来饲养草鱼,可以获得增产。试验中,还分析了草鱼鱼体蛋白质氨基酸组成,结果表明,当配制的颗粒饲料蛋白质氨基酸成分同鱼体一致时,鱼的生长良好。文末,讨论了酶纤颗粒饲料的前景并从鱼类营养学观点提出了配制鱼用颗粒饲料应注意的几个问题。

    Abstract:

    Feeding Experiments were designed to measure the growth of grass carp fingerlingswhen fed with different proportions of enzymatic fiber meal containing 10--12% crudeprotein, mixed with other ingredients. Fiber was obtained from the waste of the sugarand paper manufacture industries. Experiments on food nutrition of fingerlings werereplicated three times in six suspended 14 M2 netcages, each stocked with 500--700 fin-gerlings, their weight ranging 2. 42--9. 90 gm. Results indicated that feeds containing60% enzymatic fiber could substitute for the cereals which had been used by the tradi-tional technique as staple food in fingering culture. Field experiments were conducted inthre 666 M3earthen ponds, each stocked with 3000 grass carp fingerlings for a periodof 103 days. The pellet, composed of 60% enzymatic fiber and other ingredients andcontaining 19. 15% crude protein level, yielded a 61. 8--116% increase in productionand saved 70% cereals as compared with the results secured in the control ponds in whichfingerlings were fed solely with cereals. Pellets of the same composition were used in anarea of 119 mu(1 mu = 666M2)to feed commercial-sized fishes,their weight averaging 500gm. The daily feed allowance approximated 1--2% the weight of the fish. The total fishyield after eight months was 62% higher than that of the previous year. Pdrotein requirements of the grass carp fingerlings: (1) the optimal protein level ofthe diet, determined by both methods of polynominal regression and parabolic curve,was found to be 22.77--27.66%. The protein effciency ratio decreased with the in-crease in protein content of the diet according to the formula, Y= 29.2786 -- 0. 52968 X;(2) carcass analyses by the paper-chromatography method revealed 18 amino acids.Growth proved to be satisfactory when the composition of the pellet diet contained theessential amino acids. The growth rate exhibited a negative relation with the content ofcellulose in the diet.

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廖翔华,林鼎,毛永庆,蔡发盛.草鱼酶纤颗粒饲料及营养代谢的研究[J].水产学报,1980,4(3):217~228

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  • 在线发布日期: 2014-10-27
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