Cephalopod is one of the most important fishery resources, which its fishery biology characteristics were easily affected by marine environmental changes. Ocean was the main storage carrier of climate energy. The changes of marine environmental factors in recent years were caused by frequent climate change events, which have directly or indirectly influenced the fishery biology characteristics and even fishery of cephalopods. Therefore, three aspects in this paper were summarized in previous studies from reproduction, age and growth and early life history. The results were shown that the fishery biology characteristics of cephalopods were easily affected by the occurrence of climate change events mainly through temperature and primary productivity in marine environmental factors. At present, the objectives of correlated researches were mostly concentrated on Ommastrephidae and Loliginidae, and marine temperature was mostly used to select for analysis from major marine environmental factors. In the future, long-term marine environmental data should be applied into the researches for impact of climate change on other cephalopods species. The purpose of this study was to provide a theoretical basis for analyzing the impact of climate change events on fishery biology characteristics of cephalopods, and to provide scientific direction for sustainable development of cephalopod fishery under frequent climate change events in recent years.