东海及黄海南部带鱼的海底水温分布特征分析及分析方法改进
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农业农村部东海渔业资源开发利用重点实验室,中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所

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中图分类号:

S932.5

基金项目:

农业部专项东海区海洋捕捞基础信息动态采集分析(2011-2017);农业部专项中日暂定水域渔业资源调查(2011-2017)。


Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of the study area
Author:
Affiliation:

1.Key Laboratory of East China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs;2.East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences

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    摘要:

    研究渔业生物与水温之间的关系是渔业科学研究的一项重要内容,而分析鱼类的适宜水温范围则是该内容的一个重要方面。本研究基于2014-2015年4个季度大面调查获得的带鱼资源分布数据,在前期研究基础上对水温范围分析方法进行了改进,避免了分析当中的一些主观因素,创建了一种新的生物主体温度范围分析方法,并与传统频率方法和先前生物主体方法进行了比较。研究结果表明:频率法覆盖站点比例相对较好,但生物量覆盖率相对差一些;先前生物主体法,生物量累积覆盖率最高,站点覆盖率也相对不错,缺点是操作过程加入的主观因素较多,且分布范围不连续、包含个别狭小范围;新方法,因其温度范围相对集中、短小,导致站点和生物量两方面的覆盖率均不是很高,但其所确定温度范围内的生物量密度最高,找到了能容纳最多生物量的最小范围,且分布范围相对连续集中。生物空间分布的特征会直接影响温度范围分析方法的结果,比如带鱼空间分布聚集程度明显低于小黄鱼,即带鱼的空间分布相对均匀,导致带鱼频率分布中的一个分支与其生物主体分布保持良好的一致性,而小黄鱼却没有这样的结果、其频率分布与生物量分布存在较大差异。分析还发现,生物量较高的群体一般均分布在水温较高的水域,这可能与群体良好的营养状况和快速生长的需求相关。生物空间上分布聚集的不均匀特征,可能与物种的食物需求和捕食特点相联系。根据带鱼高生物量群体的时空分布特征,分析推测该群体可能对应带鱼的春夏生殖鱼群和秋季生殖鱼群。

    Abstract:

    The study of the relationship between fishery organisms and water temperature is an important part of fishery scientific research, and the analysis of the suitable water temperature range of fish is an important aspect of this content. In this study, based on the distribution data of hairtail resources obtained from a large-scale survey in four quarters from 2014 to 2015, the water temperature range analysis method was improved on the basis of previous studies to avoid some subjective factors in the analysis. a new biological subject temperature range analysis method is created and compared with the traditional frequency method and the previous biological subject method. The results show that the proportion of sites covered by the frequency method is relatively good, but the biomass coverage rate is relatively poor; in the previous biological main body method, the cumulative biomass coverage rate was the highest, and the site coverage rate was also relatively good. the disadvantage is that there are many subjective factors added in the operation process, and the distribution range is discontinuous and contains individual narrow range. In the new method, because its temperature range is relatively concentrated and short, the coverage of the site and biomass is not very high, but the biomass density in the determined temperature range is the highest, and the minimum range which can accommodate the most biomass is found. and the distribution range is continuously concentrated. The characteristics of the biological spatial distribution will directly affect the results of the temperature range analysis method, for example, the aggregation degree of the spatial distribution of the belt fish is obviously lower than that of the small yellow croaker, that is, the spatial distribution of the belt fish is relatively uniform. as a result, one of the branches of the frequency distribution is consistent with its biological main body distribution, while the small yellow croaker has no such results, and there is a great difference between its frequency distribution and biomass distribution. The analysis also found that the populations with higher biomass are generally distributed in the waters with higher water temperature, which may be related to the good nutritional status of the population and the demand for rapid growth. The uneven distribution and aggregation in biological space may be related to the food needs and predation characteristics of species. According to the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of the high biomass population of hairtail, it is analyzed and inferred that the population may correspond to the reproductive fish schools of spring and summer and autumn.

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引用本文

刘 勇,程家骅.东海及黄海南部带鱼的海底水温分布特征分析及分析方法改进[J].水产学报,2021,45(06):871~886

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  • 收稿日期:2020-03-25
  • 最后修改日期:2020-06-01
  • 录用日期:2020-07-07
  • 在线发布日期: 2021-08-04
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