The genetic structure and segregation of molecular markers in F2 of Chinese shrimp ( Fenneropenaeus, chinensis) were studied by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technology to explore its usefulness in linkage mapping construction. Two hereditable types of DNA markers, the non-segregating type and segregating type, were identified from the amplification results of 22 random primers. The non-segregating marks in both parents and progenies accounted for 54.1% of all markers, reflecting one genotypic combinations of G♀ and G♂ (AA×AA). There were three kinds of segregation, including Mendelian segregation, deviated segregation and abnormal segregation, which accounted for 45.9% of all marks. The standard Mendelian segregating markers were divided in 3:1 ratio and 1:1ratio, the former accounted for 14.7% of all segregated markers respectively and the latter accounted for 64.7%. The 3:1-segregated markers in the F2 represented four genotypic combinations of G♀ and G♂ (AA×aa、Aa×aa、Aa×Aa and Aa×AA), and one genotypic combinations of F1♀ and F1♂ (Aa×Aa); the 1:1-segregated markers in the F2 represented two genotypic combinations of G♀ and G♂ (Aa×aa and Aa×Aa), and one genotypic combinations of F1♀ and F1♂(Aa×aa); non-parental heteroduplex, so far, had not be conjectured their genotypic combinations, which were segregated 1:1 ratio in the F2 progenies. Non-standard Mendelian segregating marks and abnormal segregating marks accounted respectively for 11.7% and 8.9% of all segregated markers respectively. Totally, 76.5% segregating markers, explained by two way pseudo-testcross, could be used to construct genetic maps of F. chinensis. Accordingly, the result would lay a theoretical basis for genetic linkage map construction using RAPD markers and F2 population．