Abstract:According to the netting structure and operation condition, the netting types of China's coastal bottom trawl are analysed in this paper. Several decades of typical trawl with a bag and wings used in offshore waters have been researched. A vast amount of statistics on netting design parameters have been made and analysed by the factors of netting structure and operation condition. It is finally considered that four netting types of bottom trawl are widely and effectively used in China. They are stern trawl, trawl with large mesh,trawl with large mesh improved and braided trawl. These trawls mentioned above meet the different requirements for their working conditions around all the offshore waters in China. To sum up, the four netting types of trawl have their own performances. The trawl with large mesh improved means high opening of mouth and mid-speed, stern trawl means both of medium,braided trawl means mid-opening of mouth and higher speed, and trawl with large mesh means low opening of mouth and higher speed.

Abstract:For the purpose of this paper, high seas fisheries are defined as fishing beyond 200 nautical miles zones. Freedom of fishing on the high seas is regarded as one of the basic rules of international law of the sea, but subject to other rules of international law. Based on the fact that some coastal states try to exercise their jurisdiction over high seas fisheries contiguous to their EEZs and taking into account the outcome of the main fisheries conferences convened in 1992, the developing trend of the legal regime for high seas fisheries is analysed and the possible forms of controlling high seas fisheries are predicted. In the light of the reality for high seas fisheries of China, the main problems and matters to which attention should be paid are discussed with some suggestions.

Abstract:The present paper describes the characters of pathogenic bacteria of Edwardsielliasis in eels in Zhejiang Province. The four strains isolated from the liver, kidney and blood of the diseased eels were shown to be the cause of the disease by infection experiment. The symptom was similar to that of natural incidence.These bacterial isolates are short rod shaped, 0.5-0.8X0.8-1.5um, arranged singly, Gram-negative, motile by peritrichous flagella, no capsule and spore, and facultatively anaerobic. Produce acid and gas from glucose, produce hydrogen sulfide and indole. Nitrate is reduced. They can utilize cellobiose, sucrose, maltose, arabinose and lactose,and can not utilize mannitol and trehalose. Citrate and malonate are not utilized as sole source of carbon, M. R. test is positive and V. P. reaction is negative. Catalase, lysine decarboxylase and ornithine decarboxyiaso are positive and oxidase,urease,lipase,arginine dehydrolase and phenylalanine deaminase are negative. They can grow in 0—3.5% NaCl, or at pH among 4.7—9.0, but can not grow in medium containing NaCl more than 3.5%, or at pH 4 and pH 10, or at 5℃ and 42℃.According to the morpholical features, physiological and biochemical characteristics of the strains E895205, they are different from those of Eduardsiella tarda, E. hoshinae, E. ictaluri and E. fujianensis. So, E895205 can be considered as a new species, and it is named Edwardsiella Zhejiangensis sp. nov. Type culture is deposited in the Zhejiang Fisheries College, Ningbo Branch, Ningbo Municipality,

Abstract:R-tGH by i. p. injection, oral administration and mixed with food can increase RSGR and RLGR of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) fingerling, The results may suggest that r-tGH had biological activity on the fingerling and could accelerate its growth. In the meanwhile,r-tGH may be absorbed intactly into blood circulation by digestive tract then can express biological activity itself in the fingerling. The increase of condition factors of the fingerling with r-tGH administration are higher than the control, which may suggest that r-tGH stimulated weight gain better than length increase on the fingerling. The food conversion efficiency and serum GH concentration of the fingerling with r-tGH administration are higher than the control. And these may be the reasons of the growth promotion of r-tGH on grass carp fingerling.

Abstract:More than 80 kinds of trawl net currently used in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea were chosen through extensive investigation. Based on the model test in flume tank and field experiment in fishing ground and according to mathe- matical statistics method, the relationship between main engine power and net mouth circumference and the relationship between trawl's stretched length of each part and net mouth circumference were calculated. A simple, feasible and reliable experimental method was aimed at trawl net opimization for all types of small or medium fishing boats, and it also has realistic guiding significance for fishing company, fisheries research institute and technical education.

Abstract:皱纹盘鲍(Haliotis discus hannai)是我国重要的海洋经济贝类之一,近年来北方沿海已开展了人工养殖。但普通二倍体鲍需生长3—4年才能达到商品规格,养殖周期长。

Abstract:八十年代以来,江苏南部沿海屡次发生文蛤大批死亡现象,使文蛤资源量急剧下降,生产遭受重大损失。关于文蛤大批死亡的原因研究,目前已有几篇报道。郑国兴等[1991]从病文蛤体内分离到溶藻弧菌并证实其致病性。王广和等(1991)研究证实弗尼斯弧菌是引起文蛤大批死亡的病原菌。杨美桂等(1978)报道了1977年引起台湾新竹区养殖丽文蛤大量死亡的病原菌——副溶血弧菌。

Abstract:投饵施肥是池塘精养高产的主要技术措施,但随着投入有机质的积累,养殖池塘中普遍存在着的“能量陷井”效应已影响到池塘生态能量转换效率的提高。本研究利用了光合细菌(PSB)所具有的独特生理功能和生态习性,通过改善养殖生态环境条件和提高养殖对象整体营养水平,促进了池塘生态系统的物质循环,提高了其生态能量转换效率。

Abstract:围网是捕捞中上层集群鱼类的主要渔具之一。虽然其生产规模一般较大,网产量高,在海洋捕捞业中占有重要地位,然而国内外对它的作业性能研究还仅集中在网具沉降性能[崔建章等,1984b;小长谷庸夫,1966,1971;Green等,1971;Hamre,1971;Thorlensson,1971]和模型试验[宇野道夫,1935;饭高勇之助,1954,1955,1956]方法上,而对它的纲索张力研究还比较少[崔建章等,1984a;石井一美等,1961]。

Abstract:众所周知,鲶鱼(Silurus asotus L.)的卵是草绿色的[陈湘粦等,1977;谢小军,1986;杨干荣,1987;张耀先等,1991]。然而,最近作者发现,在黄河中的鲶鱼除了产草绿色卵的个体外,还存在一类产绿黄色卵的个体,现报道如下。 我们是在实验室进行鲶的人工繁殖时偶然发现绿黄色卵的。

Abstract:基因工程是二十世纪七十年代兴起的一门生物高新技术,它的出现使生命科学的研究发生了革命性变化,在解决医药与健康、食品与资源、农业与环境等人类社会所面临的重大问题上,显现出巨大的生命力和诱人的应用前景。水产业是农业的重要组成部分,担负着为人类提供水产品蛋白质的责任,基因工程在水产业中应用的一个重要目的就是对鱼类的生长、繁殖和代谢等生理过程按照人们的意愿去进行调控。

Abstract:Lake Ge Hu situated in the southwestern part of Jiangsu Province is a typical shallow lake. The lake with an area of 137.82 square kilometers is rich in submerged plants. The nutritive composition of aquatic plants in the lake are analyzed. The degree of like feeding on several species of submerged plants by herbivorous fishes is tested. The results indicated that Vallisneria spiralis,Hydrilla verticillata and Potamogeton crispus are likely fed by grass carp and bream. In order to promote the flourishing of high quality for aquatic plants,different transplanting ways have been carried out in Lake Ge Hu. Based upon investigation on productivity of Vallisneria apiralis an interval of 23 days between the two mowings is suitable. The technical measures for fish culture in mowing are presented. This paper gives some suggestions on how to develop pen fish farming in the lake. enclosure.

Abstract:Sixteen isozymes, extracted from eleven tissues of healihy Hyriopsis cumingii Lea mussels and plague-diseased mussels respectively,were analysed with vertical slab polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The isozymes referred above were alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), α-phosphoglycerol dehydrogenase (α-GPDH), lactate dehydrogenase(LDH). malate dehydrogenase (MDH). malic enzyme(ME), isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH),6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase(6PGD), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), catalase, peroxidase (POD), cytochrome oxidase, glutamatepyruvate transaminase (GPT), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), esterase (EST), amylase and adenosine triphosphatease (ATPase). The isozymic phenotypes, tissue distributions, relative activities and mobile characteristics of the sixteen isozymes were determined, and the possible relationships between the isozyme pattern and gene expression were discussed. In comparison with the healthy mussels, the zymograms and activities of EST and α-GPDH in diseased mussels were evidently disordered. It provided the biochemical evidence that the mechanism of plague pathogenesis was closely related to the lipid metabolic block in digestive system of the diseased mussels. The pathological changes of the two isozymes in digestive system were considered to be an auxiliary biochemical diagnosis marker in the early stage of Hyriopsis cumingii Plague.