Abstract:The abundance, distribution, seasonal changes of food organisms and the relation to the high salt water body offshore .East Guangdvng Province were analysed and investigated. Gn this basis the effect of thesa factors on the feeding migration of jack mackerel was also studied. The annual average biomass of the food organisms offshore East Guangdong Province was about 86---100mg/m³, and there are two peaks in a year; one appears at the end of winter axed the bogiuing of spring, and the another is at mid-summer. The highest biomass reached to 200mg/m³, and the longest dura-tion 2-3 months. The distribution of the biomass is mainly influenced by surface and upper lapes water of the Nan Hai Sea. The distribution of high salt water. The and seasonal ohanges of the biomass are restricted by the varixtian of the Upper layer Feeding migratioxz of jack mackerel shoals, and the shi t of high abundance area of food orgaxxism coincidently have the same direction. Regarding to the direction and path of monthly shift of the shoal generally, in February it starts from east longitude 115°30′ and north latitude 20°30′ shifting northwards; after March it turns to northeast; after June it turns to southwest and in August it turns to southeast.

Abstract:The present paper deals with the morphology of the teeth of cartilagenous fishes with particular reference to their patterns, 232 species belonging to 69 genera,35 families and 13 orders have been investigated,of which 112 species are based Chinese specimens, belonging to 55 genera, 29 families and 13 orders，and the other 120 species are quoted from foreign material。According to the morphological char-acteristics,10 patterns and 20 subpatterns have been divided. The interrelation between patterns of teeth with feeding habits and the significance for classification and evolution of the fishes are discussed.

Abstract:A small collection of cephalopod beaks was obtained from the stomach of a sperm whale which stranded on a beach of diaonan, Shandong Province, an April 1978.List of cephalopods it3entified includes Histeoteuthis sp.，Onychoteuthis sp.，Octopoteu-this sp.，Taonius sp.Taoniussp.Architenthis sp.，Ocythoe tuberculata Rafinesque and Octopus sp.This article analysed the food and feeding habits, trophic loyal of sperm whales and the food chain relationship with oceanic squids. It is noted that the relation between sperim whales and oceanic squids is one of the most important types of predator--prey relationship in marine ecosystem.

Abstract:By using 15% polyaorylamide disc gel electrophoresis, nuclear histones of four early developmental stages in silver carp were studied, these four stages are: the late gastrulation; the heart beating; immediately after hatching and the larvae of eye pigmented stages.In these four stages, the core histones(H₄、H_2a、H_2b、H_a) do not show any change.Nevertheless, there are many remarkable changes in number and quantities of H₁ histone in accompany with the degree of cell differentiation, and the historic H₅ which has been discovered in the erythrocytes of some other fishes also appeares in these stages of silver carp likewise.The possible regulating notions of historic H₁ in cell differentiation of the early developmental stages in silver carp were discussed in this paper.

Abstract:The present paper describes a new subspecies of Caridina denticulata. Specimens were collected from a mUtinta,in stream in the Taiping County of Anhui Province in May 1982.Caridina denticulata anhuiensis, subsp. nov.The rostrum reaches to the first segment of the antennular pedunele;the dorsal border is mostly without tooth arad the lover border bears 1-2 teeth. The antero-lateral angle usually is without pterygostomian spine. Propodite of the third leg of the male is crooked, but the female is not; dactylus is stout and boars frequently 6--7 spinules. The outer uropod bears 16-18 spines.Remarks: The present. new subspecies closely resembles to the type form and all known subspecies, but there are some differences from them as follows: 1 .rostrumis rather short; 2 .the dorsal border of the rostrum is mostly without tooth; 3，the antero-lateral angles usually without .pterygostomian spine; 4.the dactylus of the 3th peraeopod bears less spines; 5. the outer uropod bears more spines.Type locality; Taiping County, Anhiu Province.

Abstract:在育种学上,多倍体与雌核发育的人工诱导都属于“染色体组工程”(Genome engineering)的范畴。由于它们有控制染色体组和性别的潜力,因此这些技术正在引起人们的浓厚兴趣。虽然鱼类的遗传育种工作起步较慢,但最近十五年来却十分活跃。本文拟对国外有关鱼类多倍体育种方面的研究现状及其动向作一综合评述,供国内同仁参考。

Abstract:1 .In the culture of phytoplanktons the accumulative temperature at the climate of multipicatian, the relative growth constant, the generative interval, the biologial density at the climax and the biomass may be used as raising parameters. Among them, the relative growth constant has been calculated through the logarithum of the optical density.2, Tie solutions for raising phytoplankton were chosen from the best value of the raising parameter, Skeletonema castatum, Chaetoceros muelleri and Chaetoceros simptex var, calcitrans would be raised in the imitation f/2 solution. Carteria sp.would be raised in the solution of prescription No. 1. And Dicrateria zhajiangensis,Heteroloea sp.,Cryptomanas sp.，Chlamydomonas sp, and Platymonas suhcordiformis would be raised in th. solution. of prescription No. 2. The imitation f/2 solution can also be used for reserving some phytoplanktons.3. The amino--acid content of the phytoplankton and the dried flesh of Penaeus prnicillatus are as follow: Nitxschia closterium f. minutssiitima 34.6%，Chaetoreros simplex var. calcitrans 27.0%，Phaeodactylum triconutum 25.9%，Platymonas subcordiformis 22，9 %，Chlorella sp. 21.4%，Heterogloea sp. 20.0%，Dunadiella salina. 19.6%, Skeletonema costatum 18.3%，Dicrateria zhanjiangensis 10.5%,and Penaeus penicillatus 60.9%. The nutritive value of the phytaplanliton is lower than the dried flesh of the prawn. But Skeletonema costatum, Dicrateria zhanjiangensis, Heterogloea sp., Dunadiella salina.and Chlorella sp. contains methi-onine, which was absent in the dried flesh of the prawn, and Nitzschia closterium f，minutissima, Phaeodactylum triconutum , Chaetoreros simplex var, calcitrans,Platymonas subcordiformis and Skeletonema costatum are rich with lysine.4.By analysing the nutritive palue of the phytoplankton and the practical affect in rearing fry of the prawn, it is found that Nitzschia closterium. f. minutrissima,Phaeodactylum tricornutum, Skeletonema costatum，Chaetoceros simplex var.calcitr-ans and Platymonas subcordiformis are excellent foodstuffs in aquaculture.5.In spring a double concentration of the imitation f/2 solution is used for cultivation, and kept at the temperature under 10℃ . The phytoplankton of the species Dicrateria zhanjiangensis, Heterogloea sp.，Chlamydomonas sp.，Platymonas subcordiformis, Dunaliella salina.，Chlorella sp.，Nitzschia closterium f. minutrissima,and Phaeodactylum tricornutum can be reserved a year.

Abstract:The age and growth, food and feeding habits ixi different stages and the biology of reproduction of the whitefish in Tai Hu Lake has been studied in 1980-1981..Particularly the present statQ of whitefish in the fishery of Tai Hu Lake was empha-tically investigated. So far, the whitefish has been thought to be a voracious fish and harmful to the fishery resources of Tai Hu Lake. So that the population had been seriously damaged by overfishing. Consequently, accompanied with maladjustment the composition of fish in the lags gradually become small and trashy, most of the valuable fish diminished and the undesirable populations explosively developed. After analysing the prey-predator relationship between the lake anchovies (Coilia ectenes taihuenasis Yuan et Lin, and C. brachygnathus Krey. et Papp.) and the whitefish,the necessity for protecting and enhancizlg of the whitefish in Tai Hu Lake is propo-sed, and the dotails about the catehahle site, prohibitions on fishing season, fishing-ground and fishing gears, also the releasing of fingerlings to the lake and the protection of environment are all suggested.

Abstract:The experimens have been carried out to prove the foasiloility of seduced spawn-ing of Mud Carp(Cirrhina momolitorella C, et V)，Spawners were divided into two groups, one group was injected with hypophysis, while the another group was not injected. After the injection both groups were reared in same pond. Whenever the spawning of the injected group would seduce the not-injected group to spawn. The experiments indicate that the fecundity of the not--injected spawnars nearly reach to the same level of ordinarp artificial spawning.The maturity of the brooder,optimum water temperature and the density of injeeted spawners in the pond are the key factors for the success in seduced spawnizag of Mud Carp. The function of seducement is also disscused in the article.

Abstract:Thin paper presents a series of experimental results of the trawl cod-end with cover--net for hairtail in Doug Hai and Huang Hai Seas. The experiment indicated that the Length of fish caught generally more than 50% of selected length (L_0.05)when the fish girth (the blocked position of the hairtail equal to internal circumfe-rents of the mesh. The difference between the internal circumference of the mesh caeulated from fish girth and the diameter of the mesh determined by the 50% of selected length were compared. For the purpose of protecting the resource of hairtail,the minimum internal diameter of cad-end mesh should be determined at 56mm. It is obtained from the interrelated formula concern with internal circumference of the mesh and the fish length. According to the selectivity of mesh and tho biological data of hairtail,the feasiblity of this mesh size was discussed.