Egg white is widely used in the food industry due to its unique properties, particularly in the production and processing of surimi products. However, some manufacturers excessively add egg white as a substitute for fish meat without proper labeling, aiming to reduce production costs. Ovalbumin (OVA), a major allergen in egg white, is the primary protein of concern. Currently, established standards for the use of OVA in surimi products are not available. The addition of non-fish proteins, such as egg white protein, not only constitutes food adulteration but also causes significant health risks to individuals with allergies due to the presence of OVA. Since there is no effective clinical treatment for food allergies, patients are advised to avoid allergenic ingredients in their diets. Therefore, developing a rapid, simple, and sensitive detection method for allergens is of practical significance. In this study, a rapid, simple, and on-site method for detecting the food allergen OVA in surimi raw material and its products was developed based on the colloidal gold immunochromatographic assay (CGIA). Egg white was pretreated using a two-phase aqueous extraction method, and OVA was purified by ion-exchange chromatography. The purity of purified OVA was assessed via sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and further confirmed by mass spectrometry. Polyclonal antibodies against OVA were prepared, and colloidal gold solution was synthesized using the trisodium citrate reduction method. The antibodies were then labeled with colloidal gold. A colloidal gold immunochromatographic test strip for OVA detection was developed based on a competitive assay principle and optimized. Western blot analysis demonstrated that the anti-OVA polyclonal antibodies specifically recognized chicken egg OVA and duck egg OVA without cross-reacting with other proteins in surimi, indicating high specificity. The developed OVA-CGIA-Strip could rapidly detect chicken and duck OVAs in surimi. Four parameter logistic curve was used to fit the standard curve y=7.17-2.79 lgx (R² = 0.9834). The linear range was 0.01 to 20.00 μg/mL, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.20 μg/mL and IC₅₀ of (3.13±0.18) μg/mL. The OVA-CGIA method is simple to use, highly specific, and accurate. When combined with a colloidal gold strip analyzer, it enables convenient, rapid, and quantitative detection of OVA in surimi. In summary, the OVA-CGIA-Strip established in this study provides a simple, specific, and accurate approach for rapid on-site detection of OVA in surimi. This method not only helps safeguard the health of allergic individuals but also ensures the integrity of surimi products, with significant implications for both public health and the food industry. Its promising research and development prospects make it a valuable tool for future applications.