中国渔业生态环境学科研究进展与展望
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S 931

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国家自然科学基金 (41976149);广东省自然科学基金(2021A1515011377);中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费专项(2023TD16)


Ecological and environmental research in fishery waters of China: current status and prospects
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    摘要:

    我国是渔业大国,2022年水产品产量达6800多万t,其中养殖产量约占世界养殖总产量的60%。渔业在保障国家粮食安全与营养安全,尤其是优质蛋白质供给中发挥了极其重要作用,与此同时渔业生产活动对养殖水域和毗连自然海域生态环境的影响也备受关注。渔业生态环境学科主要研究渔业活动对自然水域生态系统的影响、气候变化和人类活动对渔业生产以及渔业水域生态环境的影响、以及受损渔业水域生态修复与生境恢复等基础科学和产业技术问题。本文概括性总结了我国渔业生态环境学科的主要研究领域,以及近十年来各领域所取得的重要进展,并对我国渔业生态环境学科未来发展方向进行了展望,提出了今后渔业生态环境学科的研究重点,以期为推动中国渔业生态环境保护,促进渔业可持续发展提供参考。

    Abstract:

    China has the world’s largest industry of fishing and aquaculture (defined here as “fishery”). China is the world’s largest producer, consumer, processor, and exporter of aquatic products, with a production of >68 million tonnes in 2022. China alone contributes more than 60% of global aquaculture volume. Aquaculture accounts for 80% of domestic fish production in China. Fishery industry plays an important role in ensuring national food security and nutritional security, particularly, in meeting the demand of high-quality protein. Whereas, with the fast expanding of aquaculture in the last three decades in both inland and coastal waters, the ecological effects of aquaculture, i.e., the possible impacts of aquaculture on the environments of aquaculture waters and its adjacent waters are receiving widespread attention from a variety of stakeholders. The discipline of fishery ecology and environment focuses on the interactions of aquaculture and environments, particularly the impacts of fisheries activities on natural water ecosystems, as well as the impacts of climate change and human activities on sustainable production of aquatic products, and their influences on ecological and environmental characteristics of fishery waters. Also, it focuses on the scientific theories and technologies of bio-remediation and restoration of degraded fishery habitats and aquatic ecosystems. Here, we summarized the main progresses made in this discipline in the past ten years and proposed the key points which should be paid attention to or further investigated in the future. Our aim is to provide an overview on the current status of ecological and environmental characteristics of fishery waters and draw more attention from both scientists and public on related research.

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李纯厚,齐占会.中国渔业生态环境学科研究进展与展望[J].水产学报,2023,47(11):119311

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  • 收稿日期:2023-09-27
  • 最后修改日期:2023-10-23
  • 录用日期:2023-11-11
  • 在线发布日期: 2023-11-18
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