用RAPD分析对罗非鱼遗传变异的研究及其对杂种优势的应用
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中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心

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国家自然科学基金,农业部科学基金


A STUDY ON GENETIC VARIATION OF TILAPIAS FISH WITH RAPD ANALYSIS AND ITS APPLICATION TO HETEROSIS
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Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, CAFS, Wuxi214081

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    摘要:

    应用RAPD技术检测了一个奥利亚罗非鱼养殖群体和湘湖、美国和沙市三个尼罗罗非鱼养殖群体。在20个引物中筛选到12个引物,它们的扩增产物显示了奥利亚罗非鱼和尼罗罗非鱼在群体内或群体间存在遗传差异。OPZ06、POZ10、OPZ12和OPZ19四个引物都有一个扩增片段(大小分别是900、1500、1700和730bp)具有种的特异性,可以作为鉴别尼罗罗非鱼和奥利亚罗非鱼的分子遗传标记。群体内遗传相似性指数(S)表明,湘湖、美国和沙市三群体尼罗罗非鱼都保留了较高水平的遗传变异(S分别为0.798、0.795和0.824),而奥利亚罗非鱼的群体内遗传变异最小(S=0.950)。显示尼罗罗非鱼具备选育优良品种的遗传潜力,奥利亚罗非鱼的这种潜力就较小。奥利亚罗非鱼和湘湖、美国、沙市三群体尼罗罗非鱼之间的遗传距离分别是0.285、0.262和0.344,说明奥利亚罗非鱼和沙市群体尼罗罗非鱼杂交将可能产生更强的杂种优势。

    Abstract:

    Three cultured populat ions (Xianghu , American and Shashi)of Oreochromis nil loticus and one cultured population of O .aureus were examined using RAPD method .12 primers w ere screened out of 20 random primers , and each of the 12 primers revealed inter-or/and int rapopulation genetic variation .There were four species-specif ic amplification bands (sizing 900 , 1500 , 1700 and 730 bp respectively)of primers OPZ06 , OPZ10 , OPZ12 and OPZ19 , each of w hich could be used as molecular genetic markers to identify O .ni lot icus and O .aureus .Genet ic similarity indices (S)suggested that the three populat ions of O .ni loticus maintained the higher deg rees of the int rapopulation genetic variation (S for the three populations of Xianghu , American and Shashi w ere 0 .798 , 0 .795 and 0 .824 respectively), and O .aureus had the smallest degree of genetic variat ion(S =0 .950)because of two times of genetic bot tleneck ef fect .The data suggest that there is the genetic potential of developing new O .niloticus varieties , w hile there is relatively small genetic po tential in O .aureus .Inter-specific genetic distances between O .aureus and three populations of O .ni lot icus w ere 0 .285 , 0 .262 and 0 .344 , respectively , which suggest that the of fspring of O .aureus and Shashi population of O .niloticus w ill develop st ronger heterosis than that of other tw o cross combinat ions .

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夏德全.用RAPD分析对罗非鱼遗传变异的研究及其对杂种优势的应用[J].水产学报,1999,23(1):

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  • 收稿日期:2014-04-18
  • 最后修改日期:2014-04-18
  • 录用日期:2014-04-19
  • 在线发布日期: 2014-04-19
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