Abstract:The genet ic distances made by RAPD technique on oysters demonstr ated tha t there are actual ly three natural spe cies , C .tal ienwhanensis , C .plicatula and C .rivularis , in nor ther n se a waters of China .They all belong to the same genus , Crassostrea .C . talienwhanensis, C .plicatula and C .gigas ar e sibl ing spe cies , but they are non-sibling species with C .rivularis .The result also proved that those individuals wi th typical ch aracters of morphology could be distinguished by the method of t radit ional classificat ion .

Abstract:In this paper , immunoglobulins were purif ied separetely fr om bile and se rum of un trea ted carp by techniques of sal ting , high speed cent rifugat ion and gel fil tr ation chroma tography(Seph adex G -200), moreover , i ts ant igencitical , chemical and physical character istics were studied .The resul ts indicate that immunoglobul in fr om bile and se rum of carp showed ident ical antigencity , similar chemical and physical char acterist ics . A infer ence would be reasonable that immunoglobulins in different t issues of carp have the same or igin .

Abstract:The mo rpholo gy of co rt ical react io ns dur ing o ocytes act ivat ion in shr imp Penaeus chinensi s is de scr ibed in this pape r. In the peripheral o oplasm there a re many co rt-i cal specializat ions-r ods, w hich ar e perpendicular to the oo lemma and located in the co rt ical cr ypt fo rmed by the subsided v itelline enve lope. The co rt ical of the P. chinensis does not need the exist ing of the sperm. When an o ocyte is spawned into se a water, it start s the cort ical react ion. The co rt ical ro ds ar e expelled and f orm a cor ona ar ound the egg. This co rona remains as the ro ds swell and begin to dissipate f r om the end o f the ro ds. With the rods dissipat ing completely, the cor ona disappears. The o ocytes accomplish the meiosis and r elea se the f ir st and seco nd po lar bo dies. A hatching membr ane also forms and ends the cort ical react ion. The funct ions of the cort ical react ion a re a lso discussed.

Abstract:The ult rasonic telemet ry sy stem co nsisted of a so nic r eceiv er, a hy dro phone and sonic t ransmitters ( tags) , all of w hich w ere made by Sono tr onics, I nc. , U SA. U ltr aso nic tags ( tw o ty pes: 78kHz a nd 40kHz) w ere teste d in the Y ichang reach be low Gezhouba Dam and fo und that the so nic signal could be detected an est imated 1500m r ange. The receiver-hy dr ophone sy stem w as mounted on a gla ssf iber bo at ( 6. 3 meter lo ng, 63. 4 kW outboa rd mo to r ) , using t riangulat ion, enabled accur ate lo cat ing o f f ish w ith GPS assistance. Ta gged individuals could be identif ied by the sig nals f rom the so nic-coded tags. 15 of f inal sexua l mature stur geon wer e tagged below Gezho uba Dam at the Y ichang reach o f Yangt ze Riv er in Octo ber 1995 and 1996. The scanned area w as f r om the dam to the reach at Yidu City, cover ing abo ut 50 km in length. All o f 10 f ish tagg ed w ere located in 1996, and mo nitored their mo vement s o f each f ish during their pre-spaw ning, po st-spaw ning and spaw ning. The reach wa s survey ed 4 t imes each da y. 10 of the tagg ed f ish were located totally 573 t imes. Each of them w as successiv ely lo cate d f or 6~ 48 days respectiv ely, averaging 19. 8 day s. The telemetr y technique used in Yangt ze R iver could be used to studies on mig rat ion, lo cat ing breeding sites a nd spaw ning r equirement s of o ther f ishe s o r aquat ic an-i mals in the Yangtze and other rivers.

Abstract:Occurrence and ef fects of harmful bloom caused by a kind of redt ide algae , Prorocent rum micans , in seawater experimental enclosure were studied .When high conce ntra tion of re act ive phosphate was available and motion of water was weaken in enclosures , phytoplankton was easily dominated by P .micans , and then se rious h armful bloom of the species formed .The color of water in the enclosures with harmful bloom was br own re d at the beginning and turned to black br own at the post stage .Biomass of phytoplankton , chlorophyll α, gross primary production , respirat ion of water column , chemical oxygen demand , and part icle organic carbon were much higher in the enclosure wi th harmf ul bloom than those without bloom.Both dissolved oxyge n and Secchi depth usually varied dr ama tically with diel vert ical motion of P .micans .Ther e were no significant effects of P .micans bloom on survival and growth of Penaeus chinensis and a hybrid tilapia of Oreochromis mossambicus ×O .ni lot icus to be detected although the ir body color became br own red , but mortality r ate of bay scallops stocked in enclosures with serious harmful bloom was 100 %.Clearly P .micans bloom was more harmful to marine bivalves than to f inf ish and pr awn .

Abstract:I n this paper , the rela tionship between plankton in the eel ponds and eel feeding was described , and the dominant plankton species of “good water quali ty” sui table for eel-culture , the ecological characterist ics in the eel ponds and in the t radict ional cultur ed-fishes ponds were expounded .The me thod for cont rolling water quali ty in the eel ponds was also discussed .The resul t of the pr esent research indicated that plankton communit ies in the eel ponds was significantly differ ent from tha t in the tr adict ional cul turedfishes ponds .The dominant species of phytoplankton in the elve r ponds was Chloraphyta , its biomass accounted f or over 80 % of total phytoplankton biomass ;and the dominant species of phytoplankton in the grow-out eel ponds wer e Bacil lar iophyta and Chloraphyta , both of the above accounted for 40 % and 37 % of total phytoplankton biomass respectively .The dominant species of zooplankton in the eel ponds wer e Ro ti fer a and Copedode , the per centage of Cladocera was lower .The plankton' s abundance and str ucture af fected eel feeding significant ly .

Abstract:I n this exper iment , 4 of the fish cell l ines were selected to isolate and culture Eel Coronavirus-like Virus that was a pathogen of eel(Angui lla anguil la)“madswim- disease” .The r esults showed that the Eel Coronavir us-l ike Virus could be repl icated in epithel ioma papillosum cypr ini (EPC).The growth of the virus in EPC was conf irmed by electron microscopy method both in negat ive-staining and ultr athin sect ion specimens f rom observa tion of theviral cell cul tur es .And i t was also ver ified tentat ively that ra inbow trout liver cells(R1), grass carp kidney cells (GCK)and grass carp oavry cells(CO)were not sensi tive to this virus .

Abstract:A pathogenic bacteria of CH -108 st rain is isolated from the hole disease of the Triony x sinensis .I t is ident ified as Aeromonas hydrophi la by the bacteriological method .The backinoculation test indicated tha t or iginal symptome can be observed by inject ing the pathogens into the healthy ones .The drug sensitivity test showed tha t the CH - 108 st rain is moderate se nsi tir ity to str eptemyclnum and ciprofloxacin .Immune inoculat ion using kil led CH -108 st rain can prevent hole disease effect ively .

Abstract:A feeding e xpe riment was conducted to determine the effect of highly unsa tur ated fat ty acids(HUFA)level in broodstock diet on spawning and egg quality of Chinese prawn(Penaeus chinensis ).The effects of feeding four semi-pur ified diets containing dif ferent lipid sources of differ ent f at ty acid profile (anchovy oil , linseed oil , corn oil and pork lard)on fecundity , egg hatchability and egg fat ty acid composit ions of Chinese prawn br oodstock wer e compar ed with a fr esh clam diet in a 60 -day feeding t rial .Good correlation between EPA content of egg lipid and egg product ivity , and be tween DHA content of egg l ipid and egg hatchabil ity wer e observed .It suggests that EPA and DHA take impor tant roles in reproduction of Chinese prawn and that 1 .5 %EPA and DHA content was recommended as a minimum level in broodstock diet .

Abstract:By means of FFAP capillar y gas chromatograph column in this pape r studied fat ty acids compost ion in gonad total lipid of St rongylocent rotus intermedius , St rongylocentrotus nudus and G lyp tocidar is crenularis , lipid contents were determinated at the same time .Results showed that ther e are more than forty kinds fat ty acid in those species of sea urchin , and their dist ributions were very similar .The main HUFA were 18∶4n -3(3 .2 %～ 7 .4 %), 20∶4n -6(6 .4 %～ 16 .7 %)and 20∶5n -3(6 .6 % ～ 12 .1 %), general polyenoic acid content was 50 % or so .In addit ion , very seldom n -5 and n -7 olefinic acids were discover ed , for instance , n -5 ser ies enoic acid , 18∶1n -5 , 20∶1n -5 , 20∶2n -5 , 11 and 20∶2n -5 , 13 , total content was 7 .6 %～ 10 .2 %, n -7 ser ies enoic acid wer e 22∶2n -7 , 13 and 22∶2n - 7 , 15 , the ir contents were r ather low(0 .7 %～ 1 .2 %).

Abstract:Changes of fr eshness index , free amino acids and taurine dur ing stor age and f resh preservation of Ost rea Pl icatula in low tempera tur e were studied in this exper iment .The experimental resul ts show that when stored in 0 ～ 2 ℃ and 3 ～ 5 ℃, VBN incre ased gentlely with 15 .2mg/100g and 20 .6mg/100g r espect ively af ter 15days stor age . The ir f reshness almost maintained in be tter quality .However , when stored in 6 ～ 8 ℃, VBN ch anged faster than the above , and the quality of oyster enter ed an init ial decomposition stage after 15 days stor age .In oyster ext racts solution the maximum content of taurine was reduced slight ly and kept the fluctuation in the r ange of 357mg/100g ～ 387mg/100g during stor age .The amounts of f ree amino acids in Ala , Gly , and Glu wer e higher than those of Ser , Arg , Lys , wher eas the init ial amounts of other amino acids were rela tivly low .Changes of amount in fr ee amins acids were different whe n stor ed in var ious temper atur es , but they showed the ir own change pat term.

Abstract:The present paper reports the results of a systemat ic investigat ion of fishes Homalopteridae , based on a collect ion made by the wr iters in Fujian Province .The collect ion consists of 5 gener a and 18 species , among which one species diagnosed as new to science . Pseudogastromyzon meihuashanensis , Li sp .nov .(Fig .1) D .3 , 7 ;　A .2 , 5 ;　P .1 , 17 ;　V .1 , 9 ;　L1 .78 ～ 84 ; Body depth containe d in standar d length 5 .2 ～ 6 .2 (5 .8),width of body 5 .4 ～ 6 .3(6 . 1), length of head 4 .8 ～ 5 .4(5 .2), length of caudal peduncle 7 .2 ～ 7 .7(7 .5), depth of caudal peduncle 9 .1 ～ 9 .8(9 .5).Depth of he ad contained in its length1 .7 ～ 2 .0(1 .8), width of head 0 .7 ～ 0 .9(0 .8), length of snout 2 .0 ～ 2 .2(2 .1), diameter of eye 4 .0 ～ 4 .3(4 .2), width of interorbital space 1 .4 ～ 1 .7(1 .6), length of coudal peduncle 1 .2 ～ 1 .8(1 .6), its depth 1 .7 ～ 2 .1(2 .0).Depth of caudal peduncle containe d in its length 1 .1 ～ 1 .3(1 .2),width of mouth conta ined in width of he ad 2 .1 ～ 2 .4(2 .3). This new species is dist inguished fr om any other known species of the same genus by its chin adhesive apparatus and the colour of its body .Its spe cif ic shape can be definitely ident ified by the following three respe cts :first , there are three dermal ridges extending fowards each cor ne r of its under-lip , but the three dermal ridges are slanting tightly , not l ike those of the other species :the ir thr ee dermal r idges slant ing separately and left a cer tain space between each dermal r idge .Second , in the center of the chin emer ged a “π” , not like the other species (Ther e ar e two “V”on P .l iangiangensis and P .maculatus ;two “Y” on P .fasciatus).And the shape of the adhering appar atus is not like the sh ape of ”品” on P .changtingensis .Third , the colour on the body of the new species and the hor izontal line on each side of the body differ from those of other known species . When alive , the whole body is showing the colour of orange and at the edge of its dorsal fin , there is a black line , and there are nine dark br own nar row indistinct horizontal l ines of different lengths and irregular thr ee black drops on each side of its body . Holotype No .FM00248 , total length 83 .0mm , standard length 68 .0mm, collected in Jiulong River , Meihuashan Nature Reser ve of Fujian Province(25°25′N, 116°55′E), on November , 1990 .Paratype No .FM01312 .FM01313 .FM01314 , 3ex ., total le ngth 51 . 0mm ～ 84 .0mm, standard length 41 .0mm ～ 67 .0mm, collected on Januar y , 1977 , same River as holotype .All type specimens are deposi ted at Department of Nature , Fujian Province Museum.

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