Abstract:Transmission electron microscopy was used to study the ultrastruc-ture of various stages cells and sperm in spermatogenesis and spermiogenesis of ye-llowfin seabream (Sparus latus) in Xipu Bay (a semi-closed bay), Dongshan Coun-ty, Fujian Province. The morphological and ultrastructure changes of nuclei, mito-chondria, Golgi bodies and somatic cells were described and disccused in detail. Thedevelopment of testis and the relationship between maturity ages and body lengthor body weight were also investigated. The results reveal that the testis of this spe-cies could reach maturity in the bay. The spermatogenesis and spermiogenesis process of She fish underwent six stages: (1) primary spermatogonia, (2)secondary sperma-togonia, (3)primary spermatocytes, (4)secondary spermatocytes, (5) spermatidsand (6) formation of sperm ceils. Matured sperm was composed of head, midpieceand tail, there was a horse-hoof like nucleus and without an acrosome over it. Theconeentration process of chromatin was as follows: fine grains form in primary andsecondary spermatogonia, small masses form in primary and secondary spermatocy-res and uniform materials with high electron density in spermatids and maturedsperms. A small proportion of the male mature at Ⅰ year class, but most of themmature at the Ⅱ year class.

Abstract:The present paper deals with the embryonic and larval developmentof channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). The fertilized eggs of the catfish are tran-sparent, orange in colour and adhesive. The average diameter of eggs is 3.457mm.The feritlized eggs hatched out in 146 hours and 56 minutes (about 6 days) at thewater temperature of 25.5--29℃. Newly hatched larva attains a length of 7.89--8.13mm are golden-yellowishwith the yolk sac pinkish light amber in colour. The larva begins to feed at 4 daysand its morphogenesis completes at 10 days after hatching. Lens, ocular pigmenta-tion, smell vesicles, heart beating, inner ears, tail, anlage of pectoral fins, bloodcirculation and erthrocyte, gill arches, gill filamento and the anlage of gill covers,digestive tract, anus and livers all complete before hatching.

Abstract:The hemorrhage disease of grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idellus isan acute eisease caused by Reovirus which injure and damage blood capillaries ofthe viseccra and muscular tissur of fish body wall and bleed in varying degrees. Ob-servations under electron microscope indicated: (1) The morphological structures of diseased cell are abnormal. (2) The amount of organellis in diseased cells are lessthan that of the normal cells. (3) The demarcations among three layers of plasmale-mma structure are blurred and so far as to be disintegrated. (4) The numbers ofrough endoplasmio reticula, smooth endoplasmic reticula, Golgi complex and mito-chondria that concern metabolism decreased and their structures were seriously da-maged obviously.

Abstract:The parental edible medusa (Rhopilema esculenta) reared fromephpyra to sexual mature once needed for over three months. Chirocephalus naupliiwere used as the diet. The individual spawning activities continued for over onemonth The ratio of female to male spawners was 3:1. The hatching rate of fertilizedeggs was about 90%. Some seedling attachment facilities were installed after 15hours when they were appearence of planula larve. The planult larvae of the medusa were supplied as the food for the early stageof scyphistoma. Three days later they were fed with Chirocephalus nauplii. Thefeeding interval period for indoor overwintering Scyphistoma lengthened with thetemperature dropping down. The water was exchanged thoroughly every month. When the water temperature raised to 10℃ the same quantity of feed as thatused before winter was added. The scyphistoma began to release ephyra while thewater temperature reached about 12℃. The ephyra became juvenile medusa and wereready for stocking when the unbrella diameters attained to 0.5cm. Per unit waterarea could produce 90.000 seddlings/M³.

Abstract:目前组织细胞培养研究迅速发展,已被应用于无脊椎动物和脊椎动物生物学的各个领域中。在鱼类组织培养方面的研究已逾三十余载,据Wolf和Mann统计,国外从冷水性鱼和温水性鱼获得细胞株(系)共61个。无脊椎动物组织培养研究工作进展则较为缓慢,自Grace从鳞翅目昆虫Antheraeaeucalypti建立首株细胞后,昆虫组织培养才进一步活跃起来。迄今国外甲壳动物组织培养仅有零星报道,对虾科的则更属罕见。

Abstract:台湾海峡是东海南部拖网渔船的主要作业渔场之一。六十年代以前,福建省拖网渔业产量在全省海洋捕捞产量中所占比重甚小。但自七十年代起,拖网渔业广泛采用导航助渔仪器,使拖网渔业得到迅速发展。1980年福建省拖网渔业产量为39,844吨,仅占全省海洋捕捞总产量的11.6％。

Abstract:日本沼虾是我国主要的淡水经济虾类,其人工养殖业正在迅速发展。但由于目前采用的养殖工艺与技术尚不完善,不能满足其生态习性要求,单位面积产量还很低。因此,进行经济虾类生态学尤其是摄食生态学的研究对于充分发挥饲料的营养作用,降低饲料系数,提高养殖业的经济效益是非常重要的。本文报导日本沼虾摄食生态学的一些研究结果。

Abstract:佛耳丽蚌(Lamprotula mansuyi)是大型的稀有淡水经济贝类。与其它丽蚌相比,佛耳丽蚌贝壳大而厚实,是生产大型珍珠核和制作贝雕工艺品的优良材料,而且利用该蚌能培育大型的天然珍珠。因此,该蚌具有较高的经济价值。关于佛耳丽蚌年龄与生长的研究,至今未见报道。为此,作者从广西左江搜集了大量的样本,对佛耳丽蚌的年龄与生长进行了研究,旨在探讨其生长规律,为养殖生产提供参考。

Abstract:鱼类早期生活史的研究,主要涉及卵和仔鱼发育,仔鱼最佳饲养条件、饵料密度、营养、生长、临界期、饥饿、捕食、环境耐力和毒性反应等和渔业密切相关的诸因子,是鱼类自然资源繁殖保护和养殖业苗种培育的基础。近二、三十年来,鱼类早期生活史研究已成为水产科学的一个崭新领域,在国际上受到广泛重视并迅速发展。国际海洋开发理事会(ICES)曾三次举行鱼类早期生活史学木讨论会,分别由Blaxter(1974)、Lasker和Sherman(1981)以及Blaxter等(1988)主持。

Abstract:The acute and chronic toxicity of mercury, copper, cadmium andchromium to the survival, growth, reproduction and the intrinsic rate of increase(r_m) of M. mongolica were studied. The 48 hr LC₅₀ of Hg²⁺ Cu²⁺, Cd²⁺ andCr(6) was 0.0034, 0.0888, 3.89 and 4.24 mg/l respectively. The toxicity ofcombined different metals to the organism was also studied. The result reveals thatthe toxicity of mixtures of two metals was much stronger than the single one (ex-cept Hg/Cu). While the toxicity of three or four metals combination was lower thanthat of two metals.

Abstract:The temperature controlled at 25--30℃ is suitable condition for tur-tle growth. The period of growth form juvenile turtle (4.2--4.5g of body weight)to adult turtle (308.40--342.30g of body weight)need for 365--414 days. The survi-val rate is 80.66--87.5%. Population yield of turtle obtained 141.2--198.5kg in66.7m~2 pond. The young turtle body weight is under 50g and the daily gain is veryslow, while the body weight is over 50g, it grows fast. Under the same feeding co-ndition and of same batch of juvenile turtles, the individual growth rate is differe-nt. The sex ratio is approximtely 1:1. Under artificial feeding condition, the maleturtle grows faster than that of the female.

Abstract:Lake Ge Hu, which is a shallow lake (average depth 1.25 meters)with a area of 137.82 square kilometers, locates in the southwest of Jiangsu Provin-ce. The lake is rich in submerged plants (over 86% is covered). Since 1984, therehas been developed pen fishculture in the lake, the yield of pen fishculture was upto 4664 tones in 1988. The evaluation of water trophic state, scale of development ofpen fishculture and feeding conditions in the lake mainly based on the surveys du-ring 1985--1989. The result indicates that the lake belongs to mesotrophic type(early). Although the eutrophication is progressing after yet, the process is stillslower than that in other similar shallow lakes. Accordingly,the proposation of samemeassures for lagging the lake eutrephication is based on the analysis.