Abstract:The reproductive cycle of the clam Paphia undulata (Born) has beenstudied. According to the cyctological characteristics of the developing germ cellsand the relative amount of germ cells, the annual cycle of maturation could be divi-ded into the following five stage: (1) proliferating stage,March to April; (2) grew-ing stage,April to May; (3) maturing stage, May to October; (4) spawning stage,May to October; (5) resting stage, November to February of next year. The spwaning season started from the middle of May to the end of October.There were two spawning peak in a year, i. e. the end of May and early October,while the matured sexual cells discharged in batches. Temperature was the mostimportant factor for influencing the maturation of the gonad and the spawningperiod of the clam. A hermaphrodite specimen was discovered and examined.

Abstract:Some researches of the fishery regionalization in China are of certainpractical significance for reasonably utilizing the natural condition. Up to now, ne-vertheless, these analysis of division about the climatic condition were only somescattered datum of air-climate,but a systematic elaboration on the hydro-climate forliving fish directly is in lack. This paper based on 24 groups of relation between thehydrotemperature and the airtemperature ,a equation that it may calculate the hydro-temperature in different regions are proposed. This equation includes three factors--airtemperature, latitude and altitude. The hydrotemperature (T_A) is given by TW=[a+b(N-a)+cH]T_A+[d+e(N-a)+fH]where TA-airtemperature; N-latitude; H-altitude;α-parameter of latitude; these let-ters of a, b, c, d, e and f are different equation's parameters. Based on the diagramof some linear relations between the hydrotemperature and the airtemperature, twotypes of climatic equation are distinguished. One of them is the continuous changetype for month average of hydrotemperature in a year, and another is the unconti-nuous change type. Using each airtemperature datum we have estimated the hydretemperature ofrivers at 530 locations in the eastern China. After that, on the ground of the biolo-gical boundary temperatures of freshwater fishes with various therm-ecotypes, anorthern limit for warm-water fishes over winter safely and a southern limit forcold-water fishes over summer safely are determined respectively. The limit of for- mer is defined to connect with Wenzhou, Chenzhou and Bijiang, but the latter isdrawn a line from Cangzhou, Shijiazhuang, Xinxiang, Yuncheng, Shangxian,Hanzhong, Ya'an up to Xichang. In addition, 4 esotherms of cumulative hy-drotemperature which take 10℃ and 15℃ as the biological criterias are given,itdivide the eastern China into 5 climately adaptative regions for the growth offreshwater fishes. Each climatic region have the different value for to cultivativefishery. The climatic adaptability of fishes for growth can defined by the divisionof cumulative hydrotemperature. Among them, these temperate-water fishes ofChina grow quickly and may give some better benefits in the south of the esothermof ΣT₍₁₅₎≥4700 degree-day.

Abstract:The result, which comes from the measurements and analysis duringthe purse seiner hauling, shows that the maximum outer force is up to 7140kg whileall rings were gathered and hung on the davit at the port-side during the end ofpurse line hauling stage. The moment of outer force, which shows the influence ofouter force on the vessel, is affected by the position of each hauling and lifting eq-uipment and the relative position of the point where the net and rope come out ofthe water surface, in another word, which has relation with the direction and posi-tion of outer force. The author pointed out that for the checking and examining thestability of the purse seiner, it is not accurate and sufficient enough to choose theinclining moment only in purse rings lifting and netting hauling stage. The maxi- mum of inclining moment througbout the hauling procedure should be carefullychosen, which occurs at the end of purse line hauling stage.

Abstract:This study deals with the rapid diagnosis of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) haemorrhagic virus by coagglutination test using antibody-sensi-tized staphylococci protein A (SPA COA), as well as the preliminary experimentaldata for the diagnosis of purified vius, cell-infected virus and tissues of infectedfish. The results obtained from the specific and sensitive detection and the electro-nic microscopic observation of the coagula, indicate that this rapid and simple me-thod, which requires no special apparatus and easy to perform in the basic unit, isprobably one of the valuable indexes for identifying the vaccine quality of grasscarp haemorrhage.

Abstract:This paper deal with study on improvement of two-boat trawl net of 185 Hp trawler used widely in collective off-shore fishery in order to adapt the com-position change of fish resources and increase exploitative capacity of fast migra-ting and locating water layer inhabiting fish in the Yellow sea. The feature of this new designed net is that the height of net opening is increa-sed obviously and drag is still unchanged almost keeping trawling speed from 2.5to 3 knots comparing to old one. Authors adopt some measures to meet needs descri-bed above belly 4 penels, net mouth circumference is increased 10% with mesh sizeincreased 12%, side penels netting have the same length with lower belly, but topbelly is 32% wider than lower belly, wing is short, and lower wing netting stretchlength is 19% of net mouth circumference. According to result of model test in water tank when L/S is 0.35, relationsbetween net dray R, net opening H and trawling speed V are as follows: R=1.677V^(1.533) H=15.304V^(-1.005)when trawling speed is 3 knots drag is the same with old one,net opening is increa-sed 23.4%, net shape is more smooth. Comparing to old one when 4 two-boat trawlers of 185 Hp test fishing havebeen carried out at sea for 3years. The result revealed that both catch yield and pro-fit are increased obviously, mean catch and profit increased 46.3% and 46.5% res-pectively. Not only the size of caught fish is larger but also young fish undercaughtable size of 110 mm is decreased 26%.

Abstract:Two groups of experiments were carried out in 1985 to study the eff-ect of depth on growth and mortality in culture of bay scallop. The results showedthat those cultured at 2 meters below the surface gave the best growth and lowestmortality. Those cultured at 1 meter and 3 meter depth grew poorer than that at 2meter while the bottom group was the poorest. The fouling on net-cages decreasedwith increase of depth. That at 2 meters the amount of fouling was about half ofthat at 1 meter, that at 3 meters was about 1/8 of that at 1 meter, and that on thebottom was merely 1/20 of that at 1 meter. Oysters (Crassostrea plicatula) attachedto shells of scallops in polyethylene net-cages at 1 meter depth were bigger in size andmore in number (about twice) than those at 2 or 3 meters depth. In hard plasticnet-cages, the oysters attached have about equal in size and number at any metersdepth. The dense fouling on the cage at 1 meter depth might effect growth of cultu-red bay scallop.

Abstract:Seedlings from the culture of somatic cells of Porphyra yezoensis havebeen done in Hai Feng sea farm of JiangSu province. The isolated single somaticcells was cultured with enriched seawater in temperature-controled room at 20℃ andunder 2000 lux illumination for 12-hour daily. After few days, some cells dividedand formed seedlihgs and most cells firstly divided into cell aggregates, then theaggregates released spores that germinated into sporelings. The cell seedlings grew 0.1-1mm in length in 15-20 days. Cultured at room for 15-87 days, the cell seed-lings on nets were moved into sea and cultivated with 2 batches. After 25 days laterthe cell seedlings of 1 st batch grew to about 10-15 cm in length. The content of total nitrogen and amino acids of the thalli were analyzed fromcell seedlings and traditional sporelings, and took to compare. The results showedthere were no change in total nitrogen and toll amino acids between cell seedlingsand traditional sporelings, though there were some changes in the content of somesmino acids, so there are no differece in nutrient value between the population ofthe cell seedlings and the traditional sporelings of Porphyra yezoensis.

Abstract:7 species ef fish and aqutic animal samples (silver carp, Tilapia,common carp, crucian carp, wooly handed crab, Cambarus and Tadpole)were bought and tested for the toxicity of Ag⁺. Meanwhile fish samples were caught from theoxidation pond of cine--film factory in Wuxi for analysing the concentraction ofAg⁺. The results indicated that: (1) All of these aquatic animals were toxicated by Ag⁺ at different degrees. LC₅₀ of Ag⁺ to their fries is within 2-40 ppb. Among themthe fry of silver carp is most sensitive to Ag⁺. But sensitivity of adult fish to Ag⁺ismuch lower than that of fries. (2) Viscera of bottom fish, e. g. crucian carp has thehighest consent of silver,and its concentration is about 144.07 ppm(DM) ,while theaccumulation times is 14407. Gill of upper layer fish, e.g. Haniculter has the contentabout 15.95ppm(DM), and the accumulation times is 1595. Mucle in all of fishsamples has lowest content of silver.

Abstract:气流干燥装置已广泛地应用于鱼类饲料生产的烘干过程,气流干燥管是该类干燥装置中的主要干燥部件。干燥管的设计计算目前尚无一定的方法,不同学者各有已见。国内应用较多的有费道洛夫()法、桐荣良三法,南京化工学院和天津大学也有各自的计算方法。

Abstract:形成珍珠的外套膜,国内外曾作过组织学、组织化学、正显微结构、珍珠囊形成等研究。本文作者利用扫描电镜的立体感强、景深大,可观察整体标本表面结构的优点,观察了河蚌外套膜内、外表皮及结缔组织表面结构,并对珍珠质等分泌物来源及分泌的途径进行了探讨。

Abstract:大连紫海胆是产于西北太平洋沿海水域的一种重要经济海胆,也是我国正在研究发展的新的海水增养殖种类。为搞好其人工育苗与培养殖技术,探讨主要环境因子对其生长发育的影响是必要的。

Abstract:太平洋丛柔鱼(Todarodes pacificus steenstrup)的年产量,在八十年代高达四、五十万吨,占目前世界头足类年产量的三分之一左右,是世界最重要的头足类资源。丛柔鱼的分布区局限于太平洋,主要分布在日本群岛周围海域,其群体密度最高;在黄海北部和东海外海的分布区,也有一定产量,主要为流网和底拖网所兼捕。

Abstract:性腺发育的生物学零度是生物的繁殖习性和生物积温研究中的一个重要指标。正如菊地省吾提出皱纹盘鲍性腺发育的生物学零度以后,人们已可以通过控制积温的方法有效地预报和控制鲍鱼的产卵。