• Volume 13,Issue 2,1989 Table of Contents
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    • >PAPERS
    • A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON HETEROTROPHIC BACTERIA IN HIGH-YIELDING FISH POND

      1989, 13(2):101-107,144.

      Abstract (1847) HTML (0) PDF 550.30 K (1990) Comment (0) Favorites

      Abstract:Aerobic heterotrophic bacteria were identified and counted monthlyfrom March to October in pond water and sediment of a high-yielding polyculturedfish pond. During the experiment, ranges of total bacterial count (TBC) and he-terotrophic bacterial count (HBC) in pond water were 1.30-15.90×105 cells/mland 1.56-14.50×104 cells/ml respectively. while TBC and HBC of pond sediments were 1.20-68.0×106 cells/g and 1.94-19.90×105 cells/g respectively. Data ana-lysis showed that fluctuations of the bacterial load of pond were correlated withseveral environmental factors. 11 genera of heterotrophic bacteria were found inpond water, of which the nitrogen-fixing bacteria (e.g.Azomonas) were domina-ting. 8 genera of heterotrophic bacteria were found in pond sediment, of whichgram positive bacteria (e. g. Bacillus) were dominating, Pseudomonas commonlyoccurred in pond water and sediments. Results of the experiment indicated that thechanges of bacterial load in high-yielding polycultured fish pond revealed certainregularity and the fish yield had a bearing upon the composition of the bacterialcommunity in the pond.

    • THE MECHANISM OF ARTIFICIAL PROPAGATION OF FRESHWATER CULTURED MUGIL SO-IUY BASILEWSKY

      1989, 13(2):109-115.

      Abstract (1758) HTML (0) PDF 1.01 M (1643) Comment (0) Favorites

      Abstract:Mugil so-iug Basilewsky belongs to euryhaline fish. The artificialpropagation of M. Cephalus and M. soiuy in seawater and brackish water has beenmade usually at home and abroad. But the artificial breeding of freshwater rearedM. soiuy remains unsolved despite that its researches have taken years. This paperreports the results achieved in the freshwater reared M. soiuy made between 1982-1986. Fingerling of 1/3 decimeter in length captured in open seas were reared inconfined freshwater piscinas with salinity of 0.297-0.569‰. "Sterility" of M. soiuyin freshwater was subdued through extrinsic pharmacological treatment of overfour years old adult fish. Sex maturity of female fishes could be successfullyreached without "seawater transition. Obstacles with regards to ovulation mecha-nism and adaptation of ovules to surroundings were overcome in the process ofartificial induced spawning. A large number of fertilized ova were obtained.6,570.000 fries were hatched and 398,000 fingerlings of over 2.5 cm in lengthwere raised. In the experiments a total number of 221 females were induced within5 years. The maturity of parent fishes reached 85%, while general birth rate was89.5% with 106 groups given induced spawning. By high density hatching, hatch-ing rate was 81%. The artificial breeding of freshwater cultured M. soiuy has beensuccessfully realized. Physiological-ecological contrast experiments as well as deter-minations of GTH content in M. soiuy blood serum by means of RIA were repea-tedly made. Encephalic hypophysis cells were proved by observing oval microstruc-ture with electron microscope. In addition, the blood brain barrier (BBB) has beenobserved existing in M. soiuy through the experiments.

    • TECHNICAL PRECAUTIONS AGAINST DROPPING OF BLOCKED PRAWN FROM DRIFT NET IN PRAWN FISHING

      1989, 13(2):116-123.

      Abstract (1717) HTML (0) PDF 548.94 K (1462) Comment (0) Favorites

      Abstract:In the autumn harvest season of Bohai Sea and northern Yellow Sea,the Chinese prawn (Penaeus orientalis) was traditionally caught by using varioustrawlnets. In order to protect environmental conditions of fishing ground and tosave the juvenile fishery potentiality, in 1983-1985 the behaviour of penaeidprawn was observed and trial fishing by drift net was taken as well. From thepractice a certain amount of blocked prawn dropped from the drift-net webbingoccurred. By analysing, the technical precautions against the dropping were sug-gested: 1. The each main webbing of per drift net should be used traverse. The hori-zontal hanging coefficient (u_1) should increase from 0.67 to 0.71. And the meshsize (2a) may be more than 62 mm. 2. Through diving observations, no such dropping was found during the haulfrom bottom to the surface. In the haul time, the hauling speed of float line, leadline and webbing of net should be equal, meanwhile to keep the side of net web-bing against current upwards. 3. During the haul, it is necessary for using the floating prawn pocket to de-crease the dropping blocked prawn.

    • A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE POPULATION STRUCTURES OF SALMONOIDS MIGRATION IN SUIFEN RIVER

      1989, 13(2):124-132.

      Abstract (1831) HTML (0) PDF 584.09 K (1690) Comment (0) Favorites

      Abstract:Multipopulation migration of salmonoid is very rare in China, one isfound in Suifen river. The multipopulation was made up by more than 1,000 indivi-duals of pink salmon (O. gorbusha). cherry salmon (O. mason) and chum salmon.The rate of each species was 33.4%, 12. 2% and 65.4% for pink, cherry and chumsalmon respectively in 1986. Their population structures were as follows: The ave-rage body length of pink salmon was 44.6 (35.0-60.0)cm and its average bodyweight was 1,145 (550-3250)g. They were all 2-year old individuals. Their avera-ge fecundity was 1,231 eggs. They migrated up stream in June to August andspawned in August to September. The average body length of eherry salmon was55.7 (49.0-70.0) cm and the average body weight was 2,595 (1,800-4,000)g.Population was made up by 2-3 years old individuals, in which 3 years old indivi-duals occupied 93.5%. The average fecundity was 3,232 eggs and migrated in Mayto August, spawned in August to September. The average body length of chumsalmon was 71.2 (34.0-82.0) cm and body weight was 4,150 (1,700-7,500)g.The population was formed by 2-4 years old individuals, in which 3-year indivi-duals was about 66.4%. The average fecundity was 4,260 eggs and the migratingand spawning seasons were the same in September to October. In exploitation andincrement of the resources of these valuable salmonoids, a large scale artificialreleasing of parr or smalt should be adopted.

    • THE EFFECTS OF TRIACONTANOL ON GROWTH AND PHYSIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF LAMINARIA JAPONICA

      1989, 13(2):133-137,151.

      Abstract (2030) HTML (0) PDF 369.26 K (2009) Comment (0) Favorites

      Abstract:The paper reports the notable effect of the triacontanol upon theinitial growth of Laminara japonica. Before cultivated, the thalli are immersed indifferent concentrations of triacontanol solutions (0.25. 0.5, 1ppm) for six hours.Ten days later, the length of kelps, compared with the check, increases by 26%,50% and 48% respectively, and the superiority in growth can continue to a fairlylong period. Moreover, the thickness of the fronds also exceed that of the controlfrom fourty days after treatment. The results show that the positive effect on growth is closely connected withthe stimulation of the physiological activities. The triacontanol makes a notableeffect on photosynthesis in the first twenty days. The triacontanol also plays anactive role in the absorption of phosphate and nitrate, and this effect can remainfor quite a long time. Besides, the content of nucleic acids increase in the processand it implies a possible mechanism of the growth promotion by the triacontanol.

    • INACTIVE VACCINE FOR HEMORRHAGE OF GRASS CARP:COMPARISON OF IMMUNOGENICITY AND IMMUNIZING DOSE BETWEEN TWO STRAINS

      1989, 13(2):138-144.

      Abstract (2122) HTML (0) PDF 552.89 K (1834) Comment (0) Favorites

      Abstract:Vaccine FR-854 and FR-836-w have high immungenicity and theirPRP (percentage relative protection) are both more than 70%. However, it ispreliminarily demonstrated that strain FR-854 has much higher immunogenicitythan strain FR-836-w by means of measuring the PRP and ANT (antiserum neu-tralization titre) of vaccinated grass carp with them. It hes been obtained that PRPand ANT are 88.9±12.0(6)% and 160.5±58.9 (6) respectively for FR-854, while 71.3±14.2(6)% and 88.3±26.2 (6) for FR-836-w. Also, the effective immunizingdoses to 1+or 0+ grass carp, 3-5×10(4.5)TCID(50)/fish for FR-854 and 3-5×10(7.5)TCID(50)/fish for FR-836-w, are all determined. The results show that immunopro-phylaris to the hemorrhage of grass carp with this inactive vaccine is in prospect.

    • EFFECT OF ALKALI PRETREATMENT ON STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF AGAR FROM PORPHYPA HAITANENSIS

      1989, 13(2):145-151.

      Abstract (1856) HTML (0) PDF 853.19 K (1524) Comment (0) Favorites

      Abstract:This paper reports the changes in properties and structure of theagar from Porphyra haitanensis under various concentration of alkali-pretreatment.Having been treated with concentrated alkali, chemical component and rheologicalproperties of the solutions change remarkably. The content of sulfate ester (SO3)decrease from 5.8% to 0.12% 3.6-anhydrogalactose increase from 6% to 44. 50%.the gel strength (g/cm2) increase from 0 to 761. It is suggested that the de-esteri-fication of sulfate residues increased the gel forming power. This is caused by the increase of hydrogen bond and of 3.6-anhydro-L-galactose. These two factorsmake agar molecules stablize of double helix structure. The IR spectrum and electron microphotograph show a great difference be-tween agar porphyra and porphyran. 13c-n. m. r. spectra of alkali treated porphyrapolysaccharide further show that the results of alkali treated is agar. This agar aswell as other agar is double helices formed the microcrystalline structure.

    • THE PLANKTONIC POPULATION STRUCTURE AND ECOLOGICAL FACTORS IN THE FISH-DUCK POND

      1989, 13(2):152-156.

      Abstract (1901) HTML (0) PDF 367.73 K (1670) Comment (0) Favorites

      Abstract:利用畜禽粪肥作为有机肥养鱼,是我国池塘养鱼的传统特色,有着悠久的历史。近年来,随着养禽业和养鱼生产的发展,这一养殖技术也不断得到发展和完善。由于实行禽、鱼混养,在进行综合利用、实现物质良性循环、降低生产成本,提高产量、增加经济效益等方面的优点,已引起国内外有关方面的重视。国内方映雪等(1985)、杨华视(1986)都先后报导了不同畜禽粪肥的养鱼效果及配合方式。

    • >RESEARCH NOTES
    • ANALYSIS OF FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF TWENTY SEA FISHES AND PRAWN IN CHINA

      1989, 13(2):157-159.

      Abstract (1695) HTML (0) PDF 239.05 K (1496) Comment (0) Favorites

      Abstract:关于鱼类脂肪酸的研究,本世纪来国内外不断地有所报道。近十年来,由于对前列腺素和生物膜的研究,人们了解到鱼油中的ω-3多烯酸能加速胆固醇分解为胆酸,从而可降低血清胆固醇含量,EPA、DHA具有抑止血小板聚集预防血栓的效果,确认ω-3多烯酸与生命现象有着密切的关系,由此,提高了ω-3多 烯酸在营养学上的重要性。

    • STUDY ON RAISING THE UTILIZATION OF SPAWNER,PENAEUS ORIENTALIS

      1989, 13(2):160-163,169.

      Abstract (1745) HTML (0) PDF 413.73 K (1521) Comment (0) Favorites

      Abstract:随着中国对虾(Penaeus orientalis Kishinouye)人工育苗技木的突破,我国对虾苗种生产量逐年递增,保证了养殖和增殖放流的需要。但是各育苗场的育苗效果差异较大:好者,平均每尾亲虾可培育十几万尾虾苗;差者,用数万尾亲虾,育苗量甚少。

    • OBSERVATIONS ON DEVELOPMENT OF DIGESTIVE SYSTEM AND FEEDING HABITS OF YEARLING LABEO ROHITA

      1989, 13(2):164-169.

      Abstract (2166) HTML (0) PDF 401.50 K (1598) Comment (0) Favorites

      Abstract:露斯塔野鲮(以下简称野鲮)是南亚次大陆和东南亚国家淡水养殖主要鱼类之一。1978年引进我国,1981年在我国人工繁殖成功。 Alikunhi报道野鲮摄食植物碎屑、浮游藻类和泥沙等。但对当年鱼消化系统的发育和食性还未见有系统的报道。为探索野鲮在我国的养殖方式,更好地发展其养殖,作者对该鱼消化系统的发育和食性的变化进行了较系统的观察。

    • SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC STUDY OF THE GUT MUCOSA ROHU,LABEO ROHITA

      1989, 13(2):170-172,180.

      Abstract (1840) HTML (0) PDF 745.59 K (1700) Comment (0) Favorites

      Abstract:消化道粘膜是吸收和同化营养物质的重要部位,关于硬骨鱼类消化道的组织学虽已有研究,但大多局限于光镜水平。为此,我们在光镜结构基础上进一步采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)技木对露斯塔野鲮肠粘膜进行观察,并与鲮鱼进行对照比较,以探讨鱼类消化生理机制。

    • >ROUNDUPS
    • PRESENT CONDITION AND PROSPECT OF GRACILARIA CULTIVATION IN CHINA

      1989, 13(2):173-180.

      Abstract (1669) HTML (0) PDF 638.92 K (1562) Comment (0) Favorites

      Abstract:江蓠是一种经济价值较高的海藻,是制造琼胶的重要原料。本文综述了我国江蓠人工栽培的现状,年产量约为4,000吨干品。

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