• Volume 11,Issue 1,1987 Table of Contents
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    • A STUDY ON PATHOGENIC BACTERIA OF GILL ROTE DISEASE OF GRASS CARP

      1987, 11(1):1-9.

      Abstract (2243) HTML (0) PDF 853.41 K (1792) Comment (0) Favorites

      Abstract:Gliding bacteria M165 was isolated from roted gill of grass carp(Ctenopharvngodon idellus). It is capable of infections and even causing death to thefish as well as to other pond fishes through multi-infections in water. The biologicalcharacteristics of M155 resembles Myxococcus piscisola, but it could not quickly producemicrospore by Dworkin's method. DNA (G+C) of the bacteria is 35.3%. Quite dif-ferent from Myxococcus, it should belong to Flexibacter columnaris.

    • EXTRACTS OF UROPHYSIS OF CRUCIAN CARP INDUCING CONTRACTION EFFECT ON THE INTESTINES OF MANDARIN FISH IN VITRO

      1987, 11(1):10-16.

      Abstract (1690) HTML (0) PDF 409.14 K (1472) Comment (0) Favorites

      Abstract:Extracts of urophysis of crucian carp (Carussius auratus L.)induced rhythmic contractions of the intestines of mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsiB.)in vitro. The contractfion effect of the extracts showed a high degree of sensitivityand good reproducibility. The experiments was found to be dose-dependent. Repro-ducible responses were obtained with as little as 0.05 of a urophysis/ml in fluid bath.It was suggested that the isolated mandarin fish intestines could be used to substitutefor trout rectum in order to provide the bioassay method for the estimation of urote-nsin Ⅱ. Acetylcholine Was used for a laboratory reference standard.

    • A CYTOLOGICAL STUDY ON THE CROSS FERTILIZATION OF RED COMMON CARP WITH GRASS CARP

      1987, 11(1):17-21.

      Abstract (1915) HTML (0) PDF 2.90 M (1366) Comment (0) Favorites

      Abstract:This paper deals with the cross fertilization between the female redcarp (Cyprinus carpio L.) and the male grase carp (Ctenapharyngoden idellus Cuv etVal). Even though the red carp and grass carp belong to differnet subfamilies, thefertilization agrees with the general law of cyprinidae fish. A single sperm enters theegg through the micropyle. The approperiate time of fertilization is at the metaphaseof the second meionis. Seven minutes after fertilization, the sperm-aster appears,thenthe male and female pronuclei form respectively and draw close gradually. Fourtyminutes after fertilization, the male and female pronuclei fuse to form the nuclearzygote (at the water temperature of 21℃). By the 45--50 minutes. the first cleavageoccurs. This indicates that the sperm of grass carp can not only activate the matured eggof the red carp but also attends the composition of herdity matter, which is biologicalbasis for the vitality of the hybrid. In the experiment, it is found that polyploid,monoploid and gynogensis may occur at the same time among the same group of thefertilized eggs under some specific conditions. Finally, a comparative study on thefertilizing process of some common carps as well as their hybridization is also made.

    • THE EFFECTS FAT CONTENT IN FEEDS ON THE GROWTH OF BLACK CARP FINGERLINGS

      1987, 11(1):23-28.

      Abstract (2033) HTML (0) PDF 379.20 K (1828) Comment (0) Favorites

      Abstract:This paper deals with the effects of fat content in feeds on thegrowth of the black carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus) fingerlings. Feeds with ordinaryprotein, carbohydrate, vitamin and mineral salt contents were applied by the methodof fat gradient. The source of fat used was oil of blark-scrapper fish. The parbolicalcurve obtained from the study indicates that the suitable fat level in feeds should be3--8% and the optimum requirement was 6.5%. Two experiments were carried out atfingerling stage and their results were roughly similar. The fat content in feedsdirectly affacts the biochemical composition of fish muscle and liver.

    • ON THE BEHAVOUR OF 54Mn IN SOME MARINE ORGANISMS

      1987, 11(1):29-35.

      Abstract (1616) HTML (0) PDF 2.59 M (1284) Comment (0) Favorites

      Abstract:The concentration and distribution of 54Mn in tilapia fish (Tilapiamossambica Poster)penaed prawn (Penaeus peniciltlatus Alcock) and Clams (Arcagranosa Linnus and Cyclina sinensis Gemlin) were studied, and the content of 54Mnin some biochemical matters in the body of these organisms was measured. The resultsshowed that concentration coefficient of 54Mn in the fish, prawn and the two clamswere in the same order of magnitude. After one month of excretion experiment, most of 54Mn in the fish was completly excreted, however, in the prawn and the clamsonly half of 54Mn content were excreted. The shells of two clams had a special abilityin absorption and concentration of 54Mn. The degestive syrtems of all these organismshad highest concentroting and fastest excreting abilities, while their muscles had lowconcentration and slow excretion abilities. The content of 54Mn was highest in thenuclei acid, but lowest in the organic acid.

    • ON THE AGE AND GROWTH OF HUCHO BLEEKERI KIMURA

      1987, 11(1):37-44.

      Abstract (2006) HTML (0) PDF 1.01 M (1636) Comment (0) Favorites

      Abstract:By calculating the growth lines on the scales and comparing themwith the annual rings on the scales, vertebrae and opercula, studies on the age andgrowth of Hucho bleekeri Kimura had been conducted in recent four years. Theresults indicate:1) The growth lines on the scales of the fish vary along with its ages.Two cirles of growth line grow each month on an average. Moreover, there are clear‘cutting' characterisitcs of annual ring on the scales, and also the age characteristicsare formed by open lines and hidden lines on the vertebrae and opercula.2) Withinfour years, the regression equation of its body length (L) based on the age (t) is:L=189.9468t+26.6934(r=0.991,df=35);the regression equation of the bodyweight(W)based on the age(t) is W=6.2451e2.1219t)(r=0.987,df=35);the regressionequation of the radius(R)of the scales based on the age (t)is: R=0.7425t-0.1596 (r=0.980, df=35);the regression equation of the body weight(W)based on thebody length (L) is: W=6.7717357×10-6L3.0740(r=0.999,df=35);the regressionequation of the body length (L)based on the radius(R)of the scalesis: L=251.0540+71.2288(r=0.991,df=35). 3) Within fouy your years, the average of body lengthincreases 189.95mm/year. The yearly increment ratio decreases with the age incre-ment, while the growth constant, the growth index and the coefficient of fatteningcondition increase with the age increment

    • OBSERVATION ON THE EARLY DEVELOPMENT OF REEVES SHAD

      1987, 11(1):45-52.

      Abstract (2050) HTML (0) PDF 575.04 K (1534) Comment (0) Favorites

      Abstract:Reeves shad, Macrura reevesii (Rich.) is one of high value fish inChina. It spawns?nce a year in Gan Jiang river, Jiangxi Province, during theperiod from June to July. The size of fertilized egg ranges from 1. 37 to 2. 20 mm indiameter after absorbing water. The egg is spherical, transparent and semi-pelagic.There are a few of oil globules that range from 0.05 to 0.15 mm in diameter in theyolk. At the water temperature of 26 .5--27. ℃, the first division bogan at 40 mi-nutes after fertilization. About 3 hours and 50 minutres the preblastula stage-reached,and the neurula stage reached at 7 hours and 35 minutes after fertilization. About 17hours after fertilization, the hatching proceso completed. The newly-hatched fish measured 2.75 mm in average body length (range2. 71--2.87 mm). Two-day-old fish measured 4. 45 mm in average (range 3.69--4.90mm), and began to swim horizontally. Four-dsy-old fish opened mouth, the widthof the mouth is about 190 μm, and tried to take food. Five-day-old fish measured5.76 mm on average (range 5.50--6.08 mm), its yolk sac nearly absorbed, a few ofoil globules remains. The digestive canal is completed and divided into two parts-eso-phagus and intestines. Eleven-day-old fish measured 9.27 mm on average (range8.00--10.50 mm) began to swallow Cladoceran and Copepod larvae. Twenty-nine-day-old fish is covered with scales on all surface of its body.

    • A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON DYNAMICS OF ENERGY RESOURECS IN MANURED FISH PONDS AS INDICATED BY DELTA C ANALYSIS

      1987, 11(1):53-60.

      Abstract (1871) HTML (0) PDF 521.02 K (1435) Comment (0) Favorites

      Abstract:In manured fish ponds, the conversion of manure-feeds-fish undergoes a complicated process of pond dynamics. In order to well understanding andmanipulation of this process so as to improve farming productivity, we introducedcarbon isotype analysis into the experiment. We accurately measured Delta C in organic matters such as fish body, fish feede and manure. The orientation of carbonwas traced by means of mass spectrometer and the interactions of fish growth andcomplicated food web texture in manured pond were analyzed and studied. The resultsshowed that the species of filtering and omnivorous food habits in manured pondobtain carbon from both autotrophic and heterotrophic resources. Obviously, it is ofpractical significance in organising aquanultural activities and making clear the ponddynamies.

    • ON THE POPULATION DYNAMICS OF LAKE ANCHOVY IN TAIHU LAKE AND ITS RATIONAL EXPLOITATION

      1987, 11(1):61-73.

      Abstract (2016) HTML (0) PDF 2.94 M (1261) Comment (0) Favorites

      Abstract:An analysis was conducted on the lake anchovy Coilia ectenes tail-huensis (yen et Lin) gathered with a total of 3964 fish from April 1982 fo April1984, to study the characteristics of growth, mortality and feeding bebit in differentbody length. The result shows that its natoral mortality coefficient (M) was 0 .52;itsfishing mortality coefficient (F) was 2.66, and the total mortality coefficient was3.18. The turning point of growth was at 2.548. When the fish wan 131 mm inlength, small fish and shrimp were found in its stomach contents. At the length of170 mm, the ratio of fish in stomach contens increased as much as 50--100%. Thesaturation subcoefficient of fish could account for 85--99% of the total saturationcoefficient, among which the white shrimp was about 40--94%. According to Scha-efer and Beverton-Holt models, if mainiaining the present fishing method andcatehability. the equilibrium sustainable yield of the lake anchovy in Taihu Lakewould be 13,050,000 jin and the optimal fishing effort would be 3,190,000 jin/day. However, the integrated analysis indicates that the optimum age for the first catchshould be 1.5 years old rather than 0.5 year old, thus the yield would increase threetimes, even though F value remains no change.

    • ANNUAL CHANGE OF GONADOTROPIN CONTENT AND ESTRADIOL-17 IN THE SERUM OF COMMON CARP

      1987, 11(1):75-80.

      Abstract (2067) HTML (0) PDF 2.53 M (1376) Comment (0) Favorites

      Abstract:The annual changa of gonadotropin (GTH) a.nd estradiol--17 (E2) level in the serum of male and female common carp (GyPrinus curpio L) were mea-eared by radioimmunoassy(RIA). The annual average level of GTH in female carp was 8.94 a-5.94 ng/ml, with minimum 1.17+0.76ng/ml in December, and maximum 21.50+11.82 ng/ml in January. The anneal average of GTH level in male carp was 8 .72+5.20ng/mI. minimum 4 .74+2. 81 ng/ml in December and maximum 16.00+7.10 ng/ml in 1lovember. gerund E2 level in female rises from Janusry to April,the average level is 2019.48+754.49 pg/ml while the peak level is 3215.78 +206.34pg/ml in Feberay. The ovaries regressed soon aftor spawning season and E2 level significantly decreased to 454.58 pg/ml from May to August. The difference is obvious between prespa..wning rind postspawning seasons (P= 0 .001). These results indicate that the development and maturation of gonads are closely related to the change of serum E2 Ievel. The feedback effect of E2 on function of pituitary is also discussed.

    • >RESEARCH NOTES
    • A POND FISHCULTURE MODFL FOR LO WER STOCKING AND HIGHER YIELD

      1987, 11(1):81-85.

      Abstract (1597) HTML (0) PDF 378.29 K (1560) Comment (0) Favorites

      Abstract:经二年试养结果表明,用1龄草鱼(规格为175克/尾左右)和团头鲂鱼种(规格为33克/尾左右)为混养的主体鱼,总放养密度控制在150—230克/米2;实行轮捕轮放,保持合理的载鱼量;根据鱼类的营养需要,采用配合颗粒饲料同青饲料相结合,调节好营养平衡;合理施放磷肥、生石灰以调节水质,可以获得低放养量、高产量(1240—1540克/米2)、高效益(1985年的净收益为2.644元/米2,即每亩1775.8元)和缩短养殖周期一年的效果。

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