Abstract:The deveIopment of germ cells in the scallop, Ohlamys farreri(Jones et Proston)can be divided into five stages as follows: Female germ cells:(1) flogonium stage, (2) yolkless stage, (3) eary yolk--fororation stage, (4) Iate yolk-formation stage and (5) maturate stage. Malo germ cells:(1) spermatogonium stage, (2) primary spermatocyte stage，(3) secondary spermatocyte stage, (4)spermatid stage and (5) spermatozoan stage. The annual cycle of maturation can he divided, by the cytological characteristics of the developing germ cells and the relative amounts of germ Bells, into the following five periods:(1) proliferation period, Tanuary to lyiarch, (2) growth period,April to May, (3) maturation perod, May to September, (4) Spawning period, May to October and (5) resting period, November to December. There are two spawning peaks in a year, i. e, the middle of May to Tune and the and of September to October. The gonad index(%)(gonad weight/soft body weight) increases rapidly from April and reaches。maximum value in August. After spawning, the index value drops down to a minimun value in November, and rises again gradually thereafter. The maturation of the gonads and the spawning period of this scallop are closely ralated to temperature. A hermaphrodite specimen was discovered and examined.

Abstract:The effects of temperature and salinity on the growth and development of the spats of the clam (Ruditapes philinarum) had been investigated. The results obtained show that. the suitable development temperature range from 15° to 30℃. Tn this range of temperature the spats grow rapidly and the survival rate reaches above 80%，and the optimum temperature is 25℃. The spats show strong tolerance to the low temperature below 20℃ a,nd to the high temperature to 35℃. The lethal critical temperature is about 40℃. The suitable salinity for the growth of spats is about 14 .0-33. 5‰and. 20.5‰ is the optzmum. Within this range the spats develop uniformly with a sure iv al rate ov er 85%.The upper and lower critical salinity for the growth of the spats are shout 7.5‰ and 40‰ respectively. The suitable salinity for metamorphosis of Larvae is in the range of 20.5--33.5‰.The survival rate of holometamorphosis is above 65%.The maximunn rate of holometanzorphosis is more -than 92 .5% in the salinity of 27‰. The lower and upper limits for tine larval metamorphosis era 7，5‰and. 40.0-46 .5‰ respectively.

Abstract:This paper is based on the result of preliminary study on the application of 4--IPOAA to culture summer seedlings of Laminaria, for the purpose of improving the technique of summer seedlings. The experiments were carried out three times in 1979-1981 . The oommon method, in reaxing the summer seedlings is usually by lowering temperatures, natural sunlight exposure and running seawater in a green house, from June to October the natural temperature of the seawater are not suitable for the growth of Lamiraria, the ove method would tape about 80---I50 days for the rearing of summer seedlings in green house. It is also rather expensive. This study was made to devise a new method in improving the technique. The main problem in the new method was to find a suitable concentration of 4-IPOAA in order to inhibit the development of the gametophytes for a certain period. The result of the experiznent are summarised in following steps: 1 .to cvllet zoospores under ordinary temperature; 2. to rear gametophytes under lower temperature for several days; 3 .to trest gametophytes with 4-IPOAA before the formation of gametes; 4 .to stop the treatment with 4-IP4AA and culture gametoytes under optimal conditions; 5. to culture seedlings about 50 days. The seedlings thus reared was found to be very healthy and grow normally. A large scale experiment will be carried out to find the posibility of using this method for cultivation industry.

Abstract:The biology of spotted-carp, Hemibarbus maculatus in Tai Hu, had been inve-stigated mainly from March 1964 to February 1965 and partially in 1978 and 1982. 1,614 spee.imens were examined. A brief analyses of the rational exploitation of its resources is proporsed Spotted-carp belongs to subfamily Gobioninac family Cyprinidae.They inhalait widely in the main inland waters in China. It is one of the commercial important fish ixt Tai Hu. Age and growth, feeding, spawning habits and embryonic development of the fish w ere studied . Age of the fish can be determined by the annual rings on the scales, and it has revealed that the annual rings are formed during May to September each year. The weigh-length relationship of this fish may be represented by the following formula:W=0.05769L^2.4987. In the growth, the increase of length is faster in the first two years tb.an the increase of weight, but later an it is reversed. The largest speezmen collected male is 2S .8 em in length, 295 g in weight，female is 26 .2 cm in length, 285 g in w eight. The adult fish feeds mainly on aquatic invertebrates, such as shrimps, small molluscs (clam, snails, etc.)，among which shrimps seem most favorable. The fish attaixis sex maturity at two years of age. Breeding season is April to May.Eggs are sticky deposited on submerged aquatic plants. Fertilized eggs require about 4 days to hatch at a temperature 15-21℃. Lastly,a discussion on the rational exploitation of the stocks in order to maintain a sustaining fisheries in Tai Hu is proposed.

Abstract:Experiments for rearing silver carp fingerlings in cages by feeding an natural food, have been carried out successively far three years in the Bailianhe Roservoir.The present paper is based upon the work from June 18 to august 28 in 1978. The fingerlings were raised in rectangle cages of 7 x 3 .5 x 2 M with the volume of 40.38 M³. Fingerlings of 3.95 cnz in average length were stocked in 14 cages with different densities of 2.13-1.211 ind./M^a in number. 1Lt the end of the experment、totsl amount of 243,759 fingerlings were harvested，the fish grew about 12.23-16 .95 cm in length and the average ptoduction was 277ind./m³. The object of the experiment was to study the effects of stocking densities on grow th，survival and production in order to determine the optimum cage-rearing density for sih'er carp fingerling in the Bailianhe Reservoir.

Abstract:Phytoplankton (platymonas sp.)，rotifer (Erachionus plicatilis Miiller)，clam (Area granosa Linnus)，shrimp (Penaeus penicillatus Alcock) and fish (Tilapia mossambica Poster) were respectively. cultured in sea water with sup>50Co (5 x 10^-9Ci/l) and sup>137Cs (5 x 10^-8 Ci/l) The accumulativ a ability of radioactive substance in different organism and the distribution of these radioactive substance in accumulated organism were studied, Ge(Li) gamma-ray detector and S-80 type multiJanalyser were used for measuring radioactivity of samples. It was found that in如ytoplanktan，rotifer, clam and fish the accumulativ e ability of sup>50Co is greater than that of sup>137Cs. The critical organism for accumulation of sup>50Co is phytoplankton and clam, and that of sup>137Cs is pb.ytoplaxWtvn and shrimp. In fish the accumulativa organs of sup>50Co and sup>137Cs are stomach, intestine and liver.In shrimps accumulative organs of sup>50Co are head and chest, and sup>137Cs distributes in the whole body of the shrimp. The different results on degree of accumulation of sup>50Co and sup>137Cs in every organ of clam，which are obtained by two tracer mathods, i.e. with single nuclide, sup>50Co or sup>137Cs, and with both the nuclides, may be due to the variant experimental period in our studies.

Abstract:Whole sera of Mullet (Mugil so-iuy Bffsilewsky) analysed by electrophoresis acryamide discontinuous gradient gel (4 .75%+7%)showed 25-30 bands. The highest mobility fraction consists of albumin components and several preprotein components. The largest band is composed mainly of albumin components. Liporoteins with large iuolecular size axe localized at the negatiVo pole. A specific protein hand was observed in the sera of the female fish by discontinuous gradient polyacrylamide gel but was not found in the males. The specific female serum protein migrates as a protein of medium molecular site which is distinctly different from albumin arad. globulin. Thus discontinuous gradient polyacylamide gel electrophoresis affords a highly sensitive and more practical teehnique for analysis of proteins.

Abstract:A radioimxnunoassay (RIA) for annual cycle of gvnadotropin (GTH) pituitary content in common carp has been made. Carp pituitary glands dried by acetone were extracted with 40% ethanol and lyophilized for assay. The annual mean content of gvnadotropin in pituitary gland is 56 .1 μg/mg. GTH pituitary content of both male and female reach to maximum value in February near the ovulation stage (female 154.0 μg/mg，male 160.0 μg/mg)，While GTH pituitary content of male fish in September and that of female in October drop to minimum value 8，3 μg/mg for male and 3.8 μg/mg far female. Later on the contents of both male and female begin to increase gradually until a maximum value is reached again in next February.Seasonal variation of the GTH contents e$hibit a definite cycle change and it is positively cari.related with gonadosomatie index (GSI).

Abstract:The karyotype of MyloPharyngodon piceus was examined by using cultured peripheral blood lymphocytes, including the diploid chromosome number, the morphological distribution of chromosomes,the arm ratio, the total and relative lengths of chromosomes, the total length of chromosome set, and the number of arms. The diploid chromosome number of black carp is 48, the karyotype of which consists of 8 metacentrie chromosome pairs, 14 submetacentric chromosome pairs, and 2 subtelocentrie elxromasome pairs. Tide morphology of the chromosome set is characterized by very short homologous chromosome pairs of 3.70-2.00 μm length rs nge.The total length of the chromosome set is 59 .95 μm and the number of chromosome arm is 96. This paper also made a review on the comparison of the haryotype of four domestic fishes by different authors.

Abstract:Oligolepis fasciatus Wu et Lin sp. nov. D. VI, I--10--11; A. I--9;P. 18--19; V. I--5; C. 18-19. LI. 56-60. L. tr. 18一21. Gill-rakers 4+12--14. Depth 4.2--4.5 in length without caudal fin, head 3.3-3.7.Snout 4.1--4.5 in head , eye 3.2--4.5. Head 1.1一1.3 in caudal fin. Body elongate, compressed, dorsal and ventral profile broadly curved. Head compressed, moderate. snout obtusely rounded, a little shorter than or about diameter of the eve.Eye large or moderate, supra--lateral, lacrzte at anterior part of head. 1nterorbit v cry narrow, l}rostrils two, mouth large, terminal, maillary long, 1.5ta2 times in head, lover jaw a little prominent. Teeth on jaws small and pointed, in several rows. Lips well deve loped. Gillcleft moderate; Gill membranes a little united to isthmus. CTilh-takers slender. Anus situated before the origin of anal fin. Body covered with small cycloid scales, head naked, nape with small scales, without lateral line. Two dorsal fins, orign of the first dorsal slightly above at the hacfi of the base of pectoral. The base of second dorsal elongate, anal fin similar and opposite to second dorsal. Pectoral broad, elongate, ventral fin moderate, united into a sucking dish. Candal fin elongate,rounded and pointed,xnuch longer than head. Colour yellowish，with 7-8 broad dark brown transverse bands on head and body. A very dark elongate spot between first and second spines of first dorsal; a big rounded black one between fifth and si$th spin. The second dorsal with two or three crossbands of dark brown spots. Anal and caudal fin pale gray. Pectoral whitish ventral dark black. Holotype No. HB 2--16, length without caudal 36 mm, collected from Jimei, Xiamen，Fujian Prov ince, August 13, 1980. Paratype 3:Nos. H 2-20，D 9-19，038, length 16.2-20 mn, collected from Jimoi, November 25, 1980;MarCh 22, and October 13, 1981.. The holotype is kept in the Laboratory of Fishes, Shanghai Fisheries College.The paratypee deposited in the Thid Institute of oceanography，National Bureau of Oceanography, Xiamen, Fujian Province.